King James Version

What Does Romans 4:20 Mean?

Romans 4:20 in the King James Version says “He staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief; but was strong in faith, giving glory to God; — study this verse from Romans chapter 4 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

He staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief; but was strong in faith, giving glory to God;

Romans 4:20 · KJV


Context

18

Who against hope believed in hope, that he might become the father of many nations; according to that which was spoken, So shall thy seed be.

19

And being not weak in faith, he considered not his own body now dead, when he was about an hundred years old, neither yet the deadness of Sarah's womb:

20

He staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief; but was strong in faith, giving glory to God;

21

And being fully persuaded that, what he had promised, he was able also to perform.

22

And therefore it was imputed to him for righteousness.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
He staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief; but was strong in faith, giving glory to God; Paul states negatively then positively what Abraham did. Negatively: ou diekrithē tē apistia (οὐ διεκρίθη τῇ ἀπιστίᾳ, "he did not waver in unbelief") at the promise. The verb diakrinō (διακρίνω) means to be divided, hesitate, doubt—Abraham was not double-minded (cf. James 1:6-8). The instrumental tē apistia (τῇ ἀπιστίᾳ, "by unbelief") identifies the mechanism of wavering—unbelief produces instability and doubt.

Positively: enedunamōthē tē pistei (ἐνεδυναμώθη τῇ πίστει, "he was strengthened in faith"). The passive voice is crucial—Abraham didn't generate strength, he was strengthened. Faith's power comes from its object (God) not its subject (the believer). The result was dous doxan tō theō (δοὺς δόξαν τῷ θεῷ, "giving glory to God"). To believe God's promise is to glorify Him; to doubt it is to dishonor Him. This connects to 1:21's indictment—fallen humanity fails to glorify God. Abraham's faith reversed this, treating God as trustworthy and powerful, thus glorifying Him.

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Historical & Cultural Context

In ancient honor-shame cultures, to question someone's word was to dishonor them. Abraham's unwavering trust in God's promise honored God by treating His word as utterly reliable. Conversely, unbelief implicitly accuses God of being either untruthful or impotent. Paul's emphasis on faith as glorifying God shows that justification is ultimately about vindicating God's character and trustworthiness.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why does Paul say Abraham was 'strengthened' (passive) in faith rather than that he strengthened his own faith?
  2. How is believing God's promise a way of glorifying Him, and how does unbelief dishonor Him?
  3. What promises of God do you struggle to believe, and how might embracing them bring glory to God?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 18 words
εἰς1 of 18

at

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

δὲ2 of 18
G1161

but, and, etc

τὴν3 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἐπαγγελίαν4 of 18

the promise

G1860

an announcement (for information, assent or pledge; especially a divine assurance of good)

τοῦ5 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θεῷ6 of 18

of God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

οὐ7 of 18

not

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

διεκρίθη8 of 18

He staggered

G1252

to separate thoroughly, i.e., (literally and reflexively) to withdraw from, or (by implication) oppose; figuratively, to discriminate (by implication,

τῇ9 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀπιστίᾳ10 of 18

through unbelief

G570

faithlessness, i.e., (negatively) disbelief (lack of christian faith), or (positively) unfaithfulness (disobedience)

ἀλλ'11 of 18

but

G235

properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)

ἐνεδυναμώθη12 of 18

was strong

G1743

to empower

τῇ13 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πίστει14 of 18

in faith

G4102

persuasion, i.e., credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of god or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon christ

δοὺς15 of 18

giving

G1325

to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or figuratively; greatly modified by the connection)

δόξαν16 of 18

glory

G1391

glory (as very apparent), in a wide application (literal or figurative, objective or subjective)

τῷ17 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θεῷ18 of 18

of God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Romans. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Romans 4:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Romans 4:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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