King James Version

What Does Proverbs 20:16 Mean?

Proverbs 20:16 in the King James Version says “Take his garment that is surety for a stranger: and take a pledge of him for a strange woman. — study this verse from Proverbs chapter 20 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Take his garment that is surety for a stranger: and take a pledge of him for a strange woman.

Proverbs 20:16 · KJV


Context

14

It is naught, it is naught, saith the buyer: but when he is gone his way, then he boasteth.

15

There is gold, and a multitude of rubies: but the lips of knowledge are a precious jewel.

16

Take his garment that is surety for a stranger: and take a pledge of him for a strange woman.

17

Bread of deceit is sweet to a man; but afterwards his mouth shall be filled with gravel. deceit: Heb. lying, or, falsehood

18

Every purpose is established by counsel: and with good advice make war.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This verse addresses surety (pledging collateral for another's debt). If someone is foolish enough to guarantee a stranger's debt, creditors should 'take his garment'—hold collateral to secure payment. The 'strange woman' likely refers to an adulteress or foreigner, emphasizing the foolishness of such entanglement. The principle: don't subsidize folly or wickedness through unwise financial commitment. While charity and generosity are virtues, enabling irresponsibility or sin is not. This wisdom protects both the guarantor (who shouldn't pledge what he cannot afford to lose) and society (which shouldn't enable vice). Believers must balance compassion with discernment, helping the genuinely needy while not enabling wickedness.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient law allowed creditors to take cloaks as collateral but required returning them by night (Exodus 22:26-27). This proverb addresses the imprudence of guaranteeing debts for unreliable people.

Reflection Questions

  1. Have you committed financially in ways that are unwise or enable another's irresponsibility?
  2. How do you balance generous helping with wise discernment about enabling sin?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
לְֽקַח1 of 8

Take

H3947

to take (in the widest variety of applications)

בִּ֭גְדוֹ2 of 8

his garment

H899

a covering, i.e., clothing

כִּי3 of 8
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

עָ֣רַב4 of 8

that is surety

H6148

to braid, i.e., intermix; technically, to traffic (as if by barter); also or give to be security (as a kind of exchange)

זָ֑ר5 of 8

for a stranger

H2114

to turn aside (especially for lodging); hence to be a foreigner, strange, profane; specifically (active participle) to commit adultery

וּבְעַ֖ד6 of 8
H1157

in up to or over against; generally at, beside, among, behind, for, etc

נָכְרִיָּ֣ם7 of 8

of him for a strange woman

H5237

strange, in a variety of degrees and applications (foreign, non-relative, adulterous, different, wonderful)

חַבְלֵֽהוּ׃8 of 8

and take a pledge

H2254

to wind tightly (as a rope), i.e., to bind; specifically, by a pledge; figuratively, to pervert, destroy; also to writhe in pain (especially of partur


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Proverbs. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Proverbs 20:16 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Proverbs 20:16 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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