King James Version

What Does Matthew 22:24 Mean?

Matthew 22:24 in the King James Version says “Saying, Master, Moses said, If a man die, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed unto h... — study this verse from Matthew chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Saying, Master, Moses said, If a man die, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.

Matthew 22:24 · KJV


Context

22

When they had heard these words, they marvelled, and left him, and went their way.

23

The same day came to him the Sadducees, which say that there is no resurrection, and asked him,

24

Saying, Master, Moses said, If a man die, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.

25

Now there were with us seven brethren: and the first, when he had married a wife, deceased, and, having no issue, left his wife unto his brother:

26

Likewise the second also, and the third, unto the seventh. seventh: Gr. seven


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Master, Moses said, If a man die, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife (Διδάσκαλε, Μωϋσῆς εἶπεν/Didaskale, Mōusēs eipen). The Sadducees address Jesus as διδάσκαλος (didaskalos, teacher), acknowledging His role without sincere respect. They cite Deuteronomy 25:5-6, the law of levirate marriage (from Latin levir, brother-in-law). Raise up seed unto his brother (ἀναστήσει σπέρμα/anastēsei sperma) uses ἀνίστημι (anistēmi), 'to raise up,' ironically the same verb used for resurrection—unintended double meaning exposing their skepticism.

Levirate marriage served multiple purposes: preserving the deceased's name and inheritance, providing for childless widows, maintaining tribal land distribution within families, and demonstrating covenant solidarity. The practice assumed continuity between this age and the next, between earthly family and eternal identity. The Sadducees weaponize this compassionate law into a theological puzzle designed to make resurrection seem absurd.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The Sadducees were the priestly aristocracy controlling the temple, collaborating with Rome to maintain power. Unlike Pharisees, they rejected oral tradition, accepting only the written Torah (Genesis-Deuteronomy), and denied resurrection, afterlife, angels, and spirits (Acts 23:8). Their theology was materialistic and political, focused on temple ritual and maintaining status quo. They viewed resurrection belief as Pharisaic innovation, dangerous enthusiasm threatening social stability. This hypothetical scenario mocks resurrection by creating apparent logical impossibility—one woman married to seven brothers simultaneously in the afterlife, suggesting resurrection produces absurd situations incompatible with created order.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do skeptics today use Scripture itself to attack Christian doctrines they reject?
  2. What does the Sadducees' selective acceptance of Scripture warn about treating the Bible as a theological weapon rather than God's authoritative word?
  3. How does levirate marriage demonstrate God's concern for vulnerable people (widows) within covenant community?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 23 words
λέγοντες,1 of 23

Saying

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

Διδάσκαλε,2 of 23

Master

G1320

an instructor (genitive case or specially)

Μωσῆς3 of 23

Moses

G3475

moseus, moses, or mouses (i.e., mosheh), the hebrew lawgiver

εἶπεν,4 of 23

said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

Ἐάν5 of 23

If

G1437

a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.; often used in connection with other particles to denote indefiniteness or uncertainty

τις6 of 23

a man

G5100

some or any person or object

ἀποθάνῃ7 of 23

die

G599

to die off (literally or figuratively)

μὴ8 of 23

no

G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

ἔχων9 of 23

having

G2192

to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or conditio

τέκνα10 of 23

children

G5043

a child (as produced)

ἐπιγαμβρεύσει11 of 23

shall marry

G1918

to form affinity with, i.e., (specially) in a levirate way

12 of 23
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀδελφῷ13 of 23

brother

G80

a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like g0001)

αὐτοῦ14 of 23

his

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

τὴν15 of 23
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

γυναῖκα16 of 23

wife

G1135

a woman; specially, a wife

αὐτοῦ17 of 23

his

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

καὶ18 of 23

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἀναστήσει19 of 23

raise up

G450

to stand up (literal or figurative, transitive or intransitive)

σπέρμα20 of 23

seed

G4690

something sown, i.e., seed (including the male "sperm"); by implication, offspring; specially, a remnant (figuratively, as if kept over for planting)

τῷ21 of 23
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀδελφῷ22 of 23

brother

G80

a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like g0001)

αὐτοῦ23 of 23

his

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 22:24 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 22:24 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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