King James Version

What Does Matthew 22:25 Mean?

Matthew 22:25 in the King James Version says “Now there were with us seven brethren: and the first, when he had married a wife, deceased, and, having no issue, left h... — study this verse from Matthew chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Now there were with us seven brethren: and the first, when he had married a wife, deceased, and, having no issue, left his wife unto his brother:

Matthew 22:25 · KJV


Context

23

The same day came to him the Sadducees, which say that there is no resurrection, and asked him,

24

Saying, Master, Moses said, If a man die, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.

25

Now there were with us seven brethren: and the first, when he had married a wife, deceased, and, having no issue, left his wife unto his brother:

26

Likewise the second also, and the third, unto the seventh. seventh: Gr. seven

27

And last of all the woman died also.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Now there were with us seven brethren (ἦσαν δὲ παρ' ἡμῖν ἑπτὰ ἀδελφοί/ēsan de par' hēmin hepta adelphoi). The Sadducees begin their hypothetical scenario, likely fabricated rather than actual case. The number seven (ἑπτά/hepta) evokes completeness in Hebrew thought, suggesting exhaustive fulfillment of the levirate obligation. Having no issue (μὴ ἔχων σπέρμα/mē echōn sperma)—literally 'having no seed,' childless, the precise condition requiring levirate marriage. Left his wife unto his brother (ἀφῆκεν τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ/aphēken tēn gynaika autou)—legal obligation under Deuteronomy 25:5.

The scenario escalates an already rare situation (levirate marriage) into improbable extreme (seven sequential marriages). This rhetorical strategy—constructing absurd hypotheticals to discredit doctrine—appears throughout history. The Sadducees assume resurrection means merely resuscitating earthly existence, continuing marital relationships unchanged. This materialistic misunderstanding reduces eternal life to extended temporal life, missing the radical transformation resurrection entails.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Levirate marriage was practiced in ancient Israel but became increasingly rare by the Second Temple period. The book of Ruth provides a beautiful example where Boaz redeems Ruth, the Moabite widow, through levirate-type marriage, producing the lineage of David and ultimately Jesus (Ruth 4:1-17). However, not all brothers willingly fulfilled this duty (Deuteronomy 25:7-10 provides legal recourse for refusal). By Jesus's time, Jewish society had developed alternatives for widow care, making levirate marriage uncommon. The Sadducees' seven-brother scenario pushes the law to absurdity, assuming resurrection would create impossible marital tangles.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do skeptics create extreme hypothetical scenarios to make Christian doctrines seem illogical or impossible?
  2. What does this verse reveal about the Sadducees' materialistic conception of afterlife, simply projecting earthly conditions into eternity?
  3. How does the levirate law demonstrate that God's commands serve human flourishing within covenant community?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 22 words
ἦσαν1 of 22

there were

G2258

i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)

δὲ2 of 22

Now

G1161

but, and, etc

παρ'3 of 22

with

G3844

properly, near; i.e., (with genitive case) from beside (literally or figuratively), (with dative case) at (or in) the vicinity of (objectively or subj

ἡμῖν4 of 22

us

G2254

to (or for, with, by) us

ἑπτὰ5 of 22

seven

G2033

seven

ἀδελφῷ6 of 22

brethren

G80

a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like g0001)

καὶ7 of 22

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

8 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πρῶτος9 of 22

the first

G4413

foremost (in time, place, order or importance)

γάμησας10 of 22

when he had married a wife

G1060

to wed (of either sex)

ἐτελεύτησεν11 of 22

deceased

G5053

to finish life (by implication, of g0979), i.e., expire (demise)

καὶ12 of 22

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

μὴ13 of 22

no

G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

ἔχων14 of 22

having

G2192

to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or conditio

σπέρμα15 of 22

issue

G4690

something sown, i.e., seed (including the male "sperm"); by implication, offspring; specially, a remnant (figuratively, as if kept over for planting)

ἀφῆκεν16 of 22

left

G863

to send forth, in various applications (as follow)

τὴν17 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

γυναῖκα18 of 22

wife

G1135

a woman; specially, a wife

αὐτοῦ19 of 22
G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

τῷ20 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀδελφῷ21 of 22

brethren

G80

a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like g0001)

αὐτοῦ·22 of 22
G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 22:25 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 22:25 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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