King James Version

What Does Matthew 21:29 Mean?

Matthew 21:29 in the King James Version says “He answered and said, I will not: but afterward he repented, and went. — study this verse from Matthew chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

He answered and said, I will not: but afterward he repented, and went.

Matthew 21:29 · KJV


Context

27

And they answered Jesus, and said, We cannot tell. And he said unto them, Neither tell I you by what authority I do these things.

28

But what think ye? A certain man had two sons; and he came to the first, and said, Son, go work to day in my vineyard.

29

He answered and said, I will not: but afterward he repented, and went.

30

And he came to the second, and said likewise. And he answered and said, I go, sir: and went not.

31

Whether of them twain did the will of his father? They say unto him, The first. Jesus saith unto them, Verily I say unto you, That the publicans and the harlots go into the kingdom of God before you.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
He answered and said, I will not: but afterward he repented, and went—The first son's initial defiance (οὐ θέλω, ou thelō, 'I don't want to') represents tax collectors and sinners who initially lived in rebellion. But afterward he repented (μεταμεληθεὶς, metamelētheis)—felt regret, changed his mind—and went.

This parable inverts religious expectations. Outward compliance matters less than eventual obedience. The 'sinners' who initially rejected God but responded to John's baptism proved more righteous than religious leaders who professed devotion but refused to repent. True discipleship means doing the Father's will, not merely talking about it (Matt 7:21).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

This parable follows directly from the question about John's baptism (v.25). John called everyone—including despised tax collectors and prostitutes—to repentance. The 'sinners' responded; the religious establishment refused. Jesus validates John's ministry while condemning the leaders' hypocrisy.

Reflection Questions

  1. In what areas might you be the second son—saying 'yes' to God but not actually obeying?
  2. How does this parable challenge social respectability as evidence of saving faith?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 10 words
1 of 10
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ2 of 10

He answered

G1161

but, and, etc

ἀποκριθεὶς3 of 10
G611

to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)

εἶπεν4 of 10

and said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

Οὐ5 of 10

not

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

θέλω6 of 10

I will

G2309

to determine (as an active option from subjective impulse; whereas g1014 properly denotes rather a passive acquiescence in objective considerations),

ὕστερον7 of 10

afterward

G5305

more lately, i.e., eventually

δὲ8 of 10

He answered

G1161

but, and, etc

μεταμεληθεὶς9 of 10

he repented

G3338

to care afterwards, i.e., regret

ἀπῆλθεν10 of 10

and went

G565

to go off (i.e., depart), aside (i.e., apart) or behind (i.e., follow), literally or figuratively


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 21:29 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 21:29 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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