King James Version

What Does Luke 5:30 Mean?

Luke 5:30 in the King James Version says “But their scribes and Pharisees murmured against his disciples, saying, Why do ye eat and drink with publicans and sinne... — study this verse from Luke chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But their scribes and Pharisees murmured against his disciples, saying, Why do ye eat and drink with publicans and sinners?

Luke 5:30 · KJV


Context

28

And he left all, rose up, and followed him.

29

And Levi made him a great feast in his own house: and there was a great company of publicans and of others that sat down with them.

30

But their scribes and Pharisees murmured against his disciples, saying, Why do ye eat and drink with publicans and sinners?

31

And Jesus answering said unto them, They that are whole need not a physician; but they that are sick.

32

I came not to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Scribes Pharisees murmured against disciples saying Why do ye eat drink with publicans sinners. Scribes grammateis Torah experts. Pharisees Pharisaioi separatists. Murmured egongyzton grumbled complained. Against disciples pros targeted complaint. Saying legontes articulating objection. Why dia ti what reason. Eat drink commensality table fellowship. With meta in company of. Publicans sinners hamartōlōn morally compromised. Table fellowship in first century signified acceptance intimacy. Pharisees separated from sinners to maintain purity. Jesus approach opposite. Came to seek save lost. Grace reaches sinners not righteous. Reformed theology emphasizes God initiative in salvation seeking lost sheep.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Jewish purity laws required separation from Gentiles sinners ceremonially unclean. Pharisees extreme in application. Built fence around Torah to prevent violation. Jesus consistently violated these traditions not Torah itself but human additions. Eating with sinners became major criticism. Later Peter struggled with this Antioch (Gal 2). Early church had to overcome Jewish scruples about Gentile fellowship. Acts 15 Council resolved issue. Modern church sometimes similar struggles who is acceptable who should be kept at distance. Gospel demands both holiness and compassion maintaining truth while reaching lost.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why did Pharisees object to Jesus eating with sinners what does their objection reveal?
  2. How should church balance maintaining holiness with reaching out to those society considers outcasts?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 21 words
καὶ1 of 21

But

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐγόγγυζον2 of 21

murmured

G1111

to grumble

οἱ3 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

γραμματεῖς4 of 21

scribes

G1122

a professional writer

αὐτοῦ,5 of 21

his

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

καὶ6 of 21

But

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

οἱ7 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Φαρισαῖοι8 of 21

Pharisees

G5330

a separatist, i.e., exclusively religious; a pharisean, i.e., jewish sectary

πρὸς9 of 21

against

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

τοὺς10 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μαθητὰς11 of 21

disciples

G3101

a learner, i.e., pupil

αὐτοῦ,12 of 21

his

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

λέγοντες,13 of 21

saying

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

Διατί14 of 21

Why

G1302

through what cause ?, i.e., why?

μετὰ15 of 21

with

G3326

properly, denoting accompaniment; "amid" (local or causal); modified variously according to the case (genitive association, or accusative succession)

τελωνῶν16 of 21

publicans

G5057

a tax-farmer, i.e., collector of public revenue

καὶ17 of 21

But

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἁμαρτωλῶν18 of 21

sinners

G268

sinful, i.e., a sinner

ἐσθίετε19 of 21

do ye eat

G2068

used only in certain tenses, the rest being supplied by g5315; to eat (usually literal)

καὶ20 of 21

But

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

πίνετε;21 of 21

drink

G4095

to imbibe (literally or figuratively)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 5:30 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 5:30 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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