King James Version

What Does Luke 4:1 Mean?

Luke 4:1 in the King James Version says “And Jesus being full of the Holy Ghost returned from Jordan, and was led by the Spirit into the wilderness, — study this verse from Luke chapter 4 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And Jesus being full of the Holy Ghost returned from Jordan, and was led by the Spirit into the wilderness,

Luke 4:1 · KJV


Context

1

And Jesus being full of the Holy Ghost returned from Jordan, and was led by the Spirit into the wilderness,

2

Being forty days tempted of the devil. And in those days he did eat nothing : and when they were ended, he afterward hungered.

3

And the devil said unto him, If thou be the Son of God, command this stone that it be made bread.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Jesus, 'full of the Holy Ghost,' was 'led by the Spirit into the wilderness.' The Greek 'plērēs pneumatos hagiou' (πλήρης πνεύματος ἁγίου, full of Holy Spirit) emphasizes Jesus' complete Spirit-anointing from His baptism. The Spirit's leading into wilderness for temptation demonstrates divine purpose in testing—not to cause failure but to prove and display Jesus' righteousness. Unlike Israel who failed wilderness testing, Jesus succeeds, showing Him as the true Israel who perfectly obeys God. Temptation follows anointing—spiritual strength invites spiritual attack.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The wilderness location recalls Israel's 40-year wilderness wandering after Egyptian exodus. Israel repeatedly failed testing through disobedience and idolatry, forfeiting their inheritance. Jesus' 40 days echo this period, but He succeeds where Israel failed. The wilderness also evokes Elijah's wilderness experiences and John the Baptist's wilderness ministry. In Jewish thought, wilderness represented both testing and spiritual encounter with God—a place of vulnerability requiring complete dependence on divine provision.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Jesus' Spirit-led entrance into temptation teach us about the relationship between spiritual anointing and spiritual warfare?
  2. What does Jesus' success in wilderness temptation reveal about His qualification to be the true Israel who perfectly obeys God?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 17 words
Ἰησοῦς1 of 17

Jesus

G2424

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

δὲ2 of 17

And

G1161

but, and, etc

πνεύματι3 of 17

Ghost

G4151

a current of air, i.e., breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e., (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital prin

ἁγίου4 of 17

of the Holy

G40

sacred (physically, pure, morally blameless or religious, ceremonially, consecrated)

πλήρης5 of 17

being full

G4134

replete, or covered over; by analogy, complete

ὑπέστρεψεν6 of 17

returned

G5290

to turn under (behind), i.e., to return (literally or figuratively)

ἀπὸ7 of 17

from

G575

"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)

τοῦ8 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἰορδάνου9 of 17

Jordan

G2446

the jordanes (i.e., jarden), a river of palestine

καὶ10 of 17

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἤγετο11 of 17

was led

G71

properly, to lead; by implication, to bring, drive, (reflexively) go, (specially) pass (time), or (figuratively) induce

ἐν12 of 17

by

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

τῷ13 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πνεύματι14 of 17

Ghost

G4151

a current of air, i.e., breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e., (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital prin

εἰς15 of 17

into

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

τήν16 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἔρημον17 of 17

the wilderness

G2048

lonesome, i.e., (by implication) waste (usually as a noun, g5561 being implied)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 4:1 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 4:1 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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