King James Version

What Does Luke 18:23 Mean?

Luke 18:23 in the King James Version says “And when he heard this, he was very sorrowful: for he was very rich. — study this verse from Luke chapter 18 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And when he heard this, he was very sorrowful: for he was very rich.

Luke 18:23 · KJV


Context

21

And he said, All these have I kept from my youth up.

22

Now when Jesus heard these things, he said unto him, Yet lackest thou one thing: sell all that thou hast, and distribute unto the poor, and thou shalt have treasure in heaven: and come, follow me.

23

And when he heard this, he was very sorrowful: for he was very rich.

24

And when Jesus saw that he was very sorrowful, he said, How hardly shall they that have riches enter into the kingdom of God!

25

For it is easier for a camel to go through a needle's eye, than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And when he heard this, he was very sorrowful: for he was very rich—Jesus's command to sell everything and follow Him (v. 22) produces perilypos egenēthē (περίλυπος ἐγενήθη)—'he became very sorrowful.' Ēn gar plousios sphodra (ἦν γὰρ πλούσιος σφόδρα)—'for he was extremely rich.' The gar (γάρ, 'for') reveals causation: his sorrow stems from his wealth.

Jesus exposed the tenth commandment: 'You shall not covet.' The ruler coveted wealth more than God, violating the first commandment too: 'You shall have no other gods before me.' His riches were his functional god. He wanted eternal life as an addition to earthly treasures, not as replacement. But Jesus offers Himself as pearl of great price worth selling everything to obtain (Matthew 13:45-46). The ruler's sorrow reveals that wealth held his heart more than God.

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Historical & Cultural Context

First-century Judaism viewed wealth as divine blessing for righteousness (Deuteronomy 28:1-14). The rich were considered God-favored; poverty suggested divine curse. This makes Jesus's teaching doubly shocking: the wealthy ruler—seemingly blessed by God—was actually enslaved to idolatry. His riches were stumbling block, not blessing. This anticipates Jesus's coming statement about camels and needle's eyes, completely inverting conventional assumptions about wealth and salvation.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does the ruler's sorrow reveal about what he truly loved more than eternal life?
  2. How did Jesus's command expose the tenth commandment (coveting) and first commandment (no other gods)?
  3. What 'riches'—money, reputation, comfort, control—might Jesus be calling you to surrender as competing gods?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 10 words
1 of 10
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ2 of 10

And

G1161

but, and, etc

ἀκούσας3 of 10

when he heard

G191

to hear (in various senses)

ταῦτα4 of 10

this

G5023

these things

περίλυπος5 of 10

very sorrowful

G4036

grieved all around, i.e., intensely sad

ἐγένετο·6 of 10

he was

G1096

to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)

ἦν7 of 10

he was

G2258

i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)

γὰρ8 of 10

for

G1063

properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)

πλούσιος9 of 10

rich

G4145

wealthy; figuratively, abounding with

σφόδρα10 of 10

very

G4970

of uncertain derivation) as adverb; vehemently, i.e., in a high degree, much


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 18:23 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 18:23 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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