King James Version

What Does Luke 15:2 Mean?

Luke 15:2 in the King James Version says “And the Pharisees and scribes murmured, saying, This man receiveth sinners, and eateth with them. — study this verse from Luke chapter 15 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And the Pharisees and scribes murmured, saying, This man receiveth sinners, and eateth with them.

Luke 15:2 · KJV


Context

1

Then drew near unto him all the publicans and sinners for to hear him.

2

And the Pharisees and scribes murmured, saying, This man receiveth sinners, and eateth with them.

3

And he spake this parable unto them, saying,

4

What man of you, having an hundred sheep, if he lose one of them, doth not leave the ninety and nine in the wilderness, and go after that which is lost, until he find it?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The Pharisees complain: 'This man receiveth sinners, and eateth with them' (ὅτι Οὗτος ἁμαρτωλοὺς προσδέχεται καὶ συνεσθίει αὐτοῖς). The verb 'prosdechomai' (προσδέχεται, receiveth) means to welcome or accept, while 'synesthiō' (συνεσθίει, eateth with) indicates table fellowship—the most intimate social interaction. In Jewish culture, sharing meals implied acceptance, approval, even covenant relationship. The Pharisees' criticism reflects their theology: association with sinners brings defilement. Jesus' practice demonstrates gospel truth: He enters sinners' brokenness to bring transformation, not contamination. His holiness heals rather than being compromised by contact with sin.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Pharisaic purity regulations extended biblical laws into elaborate oral traditions. They maintained separation from the am ha-aretz (people of the land) who did not observe these traditions strictly. Table fellowship was especially sensitive—sharing food with the unclean made one unclean. Jesus' behavior threatened this entire system, suggesting that God's grace operates differently than their merit-based righteousness. The three parables that follow (lost sheep, lost coin, lost son) defend Jesus' practice by revealing God's heart—He actively seeks and joyfully receives repentant sinners.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Jesus' table fellowship with sinners model the gospel principle that Christ enters our mess to save us?
  2. What contemporary forms of Pharisaic separation might prevent Christians from effectively reaching lost people?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 15 words
καὶ1 of 15

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

διεγόγγυζον2 of 15

murmured

G1234

to complain throughout a crowd

οἵ3 of 15
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Φαρισαῖοι4 of 15

the Pharisees

G5330

a separatist, i.e., exclusively religious; a pharisean, i.e., jewish sectary

καὶ5 of 15

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

οἱ6 of 15
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

γραμματεῖς7 of 15

scribes

G1122

a professional writer

λέγοντες8 of 15

saying

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

ὅτι9 of 15

This man

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

Οὗτος10 of 15
G3778

the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)

ἁμαρτωλοὺς11 of 15

sinners

G268

sinful, i.e., a sinner

προσδέχεται12 of 15

receiveth

G4327

to admit (to intercourse, hospitality, credence, or (figuratively) endurance); by implication, to await (with confidence or patience)

καὶ13 of 15

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

συνεσθίει14 of 15

eateth

G4906

to take food in company with

αὐτοῖς15 of 15

with them

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 15:2 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 15:2 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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