King James Version

What Does John 18:5 Mean?

John 18:5 in the King James Version says “They answered him, Jesus of Nazareth. Jesus saith unto them, I am he. And Judas also, which betrayed him, stood with the... — study this verse from John chapter 18 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

They answered him, Jesus of Nazareth. Jesus saith unto them, I am he. And Judas also, which betrayed him, stood with them.

John 18:5 · KJV


Context

3

Judas then, having received a band of men and officers from the chief priests and Pharisees, cometh thither with lanterns and torches and weapons.

4

Jesus therefore, knowing all things that should come upon him, went forth, and said unto them, Whom seek ye?

5

They answered him, Jesus of Nazareth. Jesus saith unto them, I am he. And Judas also, which betrayed him, stood with them.

6

As soon then as he had said unto them, I am he, they went backward , and fell to the ground.

7

Then asked he them again, Whom seek ye? And they said, Jesus of Nazareth.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
I am he (ἐγώ εἰμι, ego eimi)—Jesus responds to the arresting party with the very name of Yahweh from Exodus 3:14, causing them to fall backward (verse 6). This is no mere identification but a theophanic self-revelation of divine majesty. The phrase echoes Jesus's seven absolute 'I AM' statements in John's Gospel, each unveiling His deity.

Judas also, which betrayed him, stood with them—The tragic positioning: the betrayer stands with Christ's enemies, not His disciples. John emphasizes παραδιδόντα (paradidonta, 'the one betraying'), using the present participle to stress the ongoing nature of Judas's treachery. Yet even facing arrest, Jesus sovereignly controls the encounter, asking 'Whom seek ye?' though He already knew (18:4). The Shepherd protects His sheep even as He lays down His life willingly (10:11, 18).

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Historical & Cultural Context

This occurred in Gethsemane across the Kidron Valley (18:1), likely Thursday evening before Passover, AD 30 or 33. The arresting party included Roman soldiers (σπεῖρα, speira—a cohort of 600 men), temple guards, and officers from the chief priests and Pharisees. Their torches and weapons contrast sharply with Jesus's divine authority.

Reflection Questions

  1. When Jesus speaks His divine name causing enemies to fall, what does this reveal about His voluntary submission to arrest?
  2. How does Judas's physical position 'with them' illustrate the spiritual reality of choosing sides in relation to Christ?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 20 words
ἀπεκρίθησαν1 of 20

They answered

G611

to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)

αὐτῶν2 of 20

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Ἰησοῦς,3 of 20

Jesus

G2424

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

4 of 20

which

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ναζωραῖον5 of 20

of Nazareth

G3480

a nazoraean, i.e., inhabitant of nazareth; by extension, a christian

λέγει6 of 20

saith

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

αὐτῶν7 of 20

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

8 of 20

which

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἰησοῦς,9 of 20

Jesus

G2424

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

Ἐγώ10 of 20

I

G1473

i, me

εἰμι11 of 20

am

G1510

i exist (used only when emphatic)

εἱστήκει12 of 20

stood

G2476

to stand (transitively or intransitively), used in various applications (literally or figuratively)

δὲ13 of 20

he And

G1161

but, and, etc

καὶ14 of 20

also

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

Ἰούδας15 of 20

Judas

G2455

judas (i.e., jehudah), the name of ten israelites; also of the posterity of one of them and its region

16 of 20

which

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

παραδιδοὺς17 of 20

betrayed

G3860

to surrender, i.e yield up, entrust, transmit

αὐτῶν18 of 20

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

μετ'19 of 20

with

G3326

properly, denoting accompaniment; "amid" (local or causal); modified variously according to the case (genitive association, or accusative succession)

αὐτῶν20 of 20

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of John. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

John 18:5 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to John 18:5 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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