King James Version

What Does John 12:2 Mean?

John 12:2 in the King James Version says “There they made him a supper; and Martha served: but Lazarus was one of them that sat at the table with him. — study this verse from John chapter 12 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

There they made him a supper; and Martha served: but Lazarus was one of them that sat at the table with him.

John 12:2 · KJV


Context

1

Then Jesus six days before the passover came to Bethany, where Lazarus was which had been dead, whom he raised from the dead.

2

There they made him a supper; and Martha served: but Lazarus was one of them that sat at the table with him.

3

Then took Mary a pound of ointment of spikenard , very costly, and anointed the feet of Jesus, and wiped his feet with her hair: and the house was filled with the odour of the ointment.

4

Then saith one of his disciples, Judas Iscariot, Simon's son, which should betray him,


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
They prepare a supper honoring Jesus, with Martha serving (consistent with her character, Luke 10:40). Lazarus' presence at the table demonstrates resurrection's reality—he lives, eats, and fellowships. His silent presence testifies more powerfully than words. Martha's service shows genuine hospitality, not mere duty. The meal's fellowship dimension contrasts the Sanhedrin's murder plot. This supper embodies kingdom values: resurrection life, loving service, intimate communion. It previews the marriage supper of the Lamb.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Reclining at table was standard first-century dining posture for formal meals. Martha's serving role was appropriate for women hosting guests, though Jesus had earlier affirmed Mary's right to learn (Luke 10:42).

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Lazarus' silent presence at the table testify to resurrection power?
  2. What does the contrast between this supper and the Sanhedrin's plotting teach about kingdom values?
  3. In what ways does Christian fellowship preview eternal glory?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 17 words
ἐποίησαν1 of 17

they made

G4160

to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)

οὖν2 of 17
G3767

(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly

αὐτῷ3 of 17

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

δεῖπνον4 of 17

a supper

G1173

dinner, i.e., the chief meal (usually in the evening)

ἐκεῖ5 of 17

There

G1563

there; by extension, thither

καὶ6 of 17

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

7 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Μάρθα8 of 17

Martha

G3136

martha, a christian woman

διηκόνει9 of 17

served

G1247

to be an attendant, i.e., wait upon (menially or as a host, friend, or (figuratively) teacher); technically, to act as a christian deacon

10 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ11 of 17

but

G1161

but, and, etc

Λάζαρος12 of 17

Lazarus

G2976

lazarus (i.e., elazar), the name of two israelites

εἷς13 of 17

one

G1520

one

ἦν14 of 17

was

G2258

i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)

τῶν15 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

συνανακειμένων16 of 17

of them that sat at the table

G4873

to recline in company with (at a meal)

αὐτῷ17 of 17

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of John. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

John 12:2 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to John 12:2 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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