King James Version

What Does John 1:21 Mean?

John 1:21 in the King James Version says “And they asked him, What then? Art thou Elias? And he saith, I am not. Art thou that prophet? And he answered, No. that ... — study this verse from John chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And they asked him, What then? Art thou Elias? And he saith, I am not. Art thou that prophet? And he answered, No. that prophet: or, a prophet?

John 1:21 · KJV


Context

19

And this is the record of John, when the Jews sent priests and Levites from Jerusalem to ask him, Who art thou?

20

And he confessed, and denied not; but confessed, I am not the Christ.

21

And they asked him, What then? Art thou Elias? And he saith, I am not. Art thou that prophet? And he answered, No. that prophet: or, a prophet?

22

Then said they unto him, Who art thou? that we may give an answer to them that sent us. What sayest thou of thyself?

23

He said, I am the voice of one crying in the wilderness, Make straight the way of the Lord, as said the prophet Esaias.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The interrogators probe whether John fulfills prophecies of Elijah's return (Malachi 4:5) or 'the prophet' like Moses (Deuteronomy 18:15). John's denials show that while he came in Elijah's spirit (Luke 1:17), he is not literally Elijah reincarnated. This reflects Reformed hermeneutics: prophecy finds its ultimate fulfillment in Christ, not in preliminary figures.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Jewish messianic expectations included multiple figures: the Messiah, Elijah redivivus, and the prophet like Moses. This questioning reveals the complex eschatological landscape of Second Temple Judaism.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do we distinguish between partial fulfillments and ultimate fulfillments of biblical prophecy?
  2. What does this teach about the humility required when people assign us undeserved titles or roles?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 19 words
καὶ1 of 19

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἠρώτησαν2 of 19

they asked

G2065

to interrogate; by implication, to request

αὐτόν3 of 19

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Τί4 of 19

What

G5101

an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)

οὖν5 of 19

then

G3767

(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly

Ἠλίας6 of 19

Elias

G2243

helias (i.e., elijah), an israelite

εἶ7 of 19

Art

G1488

thou art

σύ8 of 19

thou

G4771

thou

καὶ9 of 19

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

λέγει10 of 19

he saith

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

Οὔ11 of 19

No

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

εἰμί12 of 19

I am

G1510

i exist (used only when emphatic)

13 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

προφήτης14 of 19

that prophet

G4396

a foreteller ("prophet"); by analogy, an inspired speaker; by extension, a poet

εἶ15 of 19

Art

G1488

thou art

σύ16 of 19

thou

G4771

thou

καὶ17 of 19

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἀπεκρίθη18 of 19

he answered

G611

to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)

Οὔ19 of 19

No

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of John. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

John 1:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to John 1:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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