King James Version

What Does John 1:19 Mean?

John 1:19 in the King James Version says “And this is the record of John, when the Jews sent priests and Levites from Jerusalem to ask him, Who art thou? — study this verse from John chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And this is the record of John, when the Jews sent priests and Levites from Jerusalem to ask him, Who art thou?

John 1:19 · KJV


Context

17

For the law was given by Moses, but grace and truth came by Jesus Christ.

18

No man hath seen God at any time; the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him.

19

And this is the record of John, when the Jews sent priests and Levites from Jerusalem to ask him, Who art thou?

20

And he confessed, and denied not; but confessed, I am not the Christ.

21

And they asked him, What then? Art thou Elias? And he saith, I am not. Art thou that prophet? And he answered, No. that prophet: or, a prophet?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The narrative transitions from prologue to testimony. Jerusalem's religious establishment sends priests and Levites to investigate John the Baptist. Their question 'Who art thou?' reflects official concern about this wilderness prophet drawing massive crowds. John's answer is emphatically negative: 'he confessed, and denied not; but confessed, I am not the Christ.' The threefold emphasis ('confessed,' 'denied not,' 'confessed') stresses John's integrity—he refused to claim more than he was.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The Sanhedrin, responsible for religious orthodoxy, naturally investigated this prophetic movement. During the intertestamental period, no prophetic voice had spoken. John's appearance after 400 years of prophetic silence demanded explanation. His denial that he was Messiah, Elijah (in physical return), or 'the Prophet' (Deuteronomy 18:15) demonstrated remarkable humility given his popularity.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does John's honest denial model integrity in ministry and witness?
  2. Why was it important for John to clearly distinguish himself from the Messiah?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 22 words
καὶ1 of 22

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

αὕτη2 of 22

this

G3778

the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)

ἐστὶν3 of 22

is

G2076

he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are

4 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μαρτυρία5 of 22

the record

G3141

evidence given (judicially or genitive case)

τοῦ6 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἰωάννου7 of 22

of John

G2491

joannes (i.e., jochanan), the name of four israelites

ὅτε8 of 22

when

G3753

at which (thing) too, i.e., when

ἀπέστειλαν9 of 22

sent

G649

set apart, i.e., (by implication) to send out (properly, on a mission) literally or figuratively

οἱ10 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἰουδαῖοι11 of 22

the Jews

G2453

judaean, i.e., belonging to jehudah

ἐξ12 of 22

from

G1537

a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct

Ἱεροσολύμων13 of 22

Jerusalem

G2414

hierosolyma (i.e., jerushalaim), the capitol of palestine

ἱερεῖς14 of 22

priests

G2409

a priest (literally or figuratively)

καὶ15 of 22

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

Λευίτας16 of 22

Levites

G3019

a levite, i.e., descendant of levi

ἵνα17 of 22

to

G2443

in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)

ἐρωτήσωσιν18 of 22

ask

G2065

to interrogate; by implication, to request

αὐτὸν19 of 22

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Σὺ20 of 22

thou

G4771

thou

τίς21 of 22

Who

G5101

an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)

εἶ22 of 22

art

G1488

thou art


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of John. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

John 1:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to John 1:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

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