King James Version

What Does Isaiah 21:12 Mean?

Isaiah 21:12 in the King James Version says “The watchman said, The morning cometh, and also the night: if ye will enquire, enquire ye: return, come. — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The watchman said, The morning cometh, and also the night: if ye will enquire, enquire ye: return, come.

Isaiah 21:12 · King James Version


Context

10

O my threshing, and the corn of my floor: that which I have heard of the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, have I declared unto you. corn: Heb. son

11

The burden of Dumah. He calleth to me out of Seir, Watchman, what of the night? Watchman, what of the night?

12

The watchman said, The morning cometh, and also the night: if ye will enquire, enquire ye: return, come.

13

The burden upon Arabia. In the forest in Arabia shall ye lodge, O ye travelling companies of Dedanim.

14

The inhabitants of the land of Tema brought water to him that was thirsty, they prevented with their bread him that fled. brought: or, bring ye


Commentaries4 scholars

KJV Study CommentaryPublic Domain
'The watchman said, The morning cometh, and also the night: if ye will enquire, enquire ye: return, come.' The enigmatic answer: both morning (relief) and night (continued suffering) come. This could mean: temporary relief followed by renewed judgment, or different fates for different groups, or the ambiguity of Edom's future depending on their response. The invitation 'if ye will enquire, enquire ye: return, come' suggests conditional hope—if Edom genuinely seeks God (not just information), they should return. True inquiry requires repentance ('return'—shuv, the Hebrew word for repent). This demonstrates that knowing the future isn't enough; relationship with God matters. Edom's future could change through genuine repentance. This reflects covenant theology: God's announced judgments can be averted through repentance (Jonah 3; Jeremiah 18:7-10). Yet the answer's ambiguity suggests Edom likely won't truly repent—questions remain rhetorical, not genuine seeking.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Edom's historical fate was sealed destruction (Obadiah; Ezekiel 35; Malachi 1:2-4). Despite the open invitation to return, Edom apparently didn't genuinely repent. This validates the prophetic principle: God offers mercy, but most reject it. The ambiguous prophecy ('morning...and night') allows for either outcome based on response, yet God knows which will actually occur. This demonstrates divine sovereignty and human responsibility coexisting: genuine offers that won't be accepted due to hardened hearts. Church history shows this pattern: the gospel genuinely offered to all, yet most reject it. God's universal offers are sincere, yet He foreknows who will respond positively. This mystery—divine sovereignty and human responsibility—remains throughout Scripture, not fully reconciled in human categories but both affirmed as true.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does 'morning comes, and also night' teach about mixed futures or conditional outcomes?
  2. How does the call to 'return' demonstrate that genuine inquiry requires repentance?
  3. Why does God offer mercy that He foreknows will be rejected?

Compare 4 commentaries from different scholars and time periods for a richer understanding.


Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
אָמַ֣ר1 of 11

said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

שֹׁמֵ֔ר2 of 11

The watchman

H8104

properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc

אֵתָֽיוּ׃3 of 11

come

H857

to arrive

בֹ֖קֶר4 of 11

The morning

H1242

properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning

וְגַם5 of 11
H1571

properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and

לָ֑יְלָה6 of 11

and also the night

H3915

properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e., night; figuratively, adversity

אִם7 of 11
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

בְּעָ֖יוּ8 of 11

enquire

H1158

to gush over, i.e., to swell; (figuratively) to desire earnestly; by implication to ask

בְּעָ֖יוּ9 of 11

enquire

H1158

to gush over, i.e., to swell; (figuratively) to desire earnestly; by implication to ask

שֻׁ֥בוּ10 of 11

ye return

H7725

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);

אֵתָֽיוּ׃11 of 11

come

H857

to arrive


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 21:12 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 21:12 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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