King James Version

What Does Isaiah 21:13 Mean?

Isaiah 21:13 in the King James Version says “The burden upon Arabia. In the forest in Arabia shall ye lodge, O ye travelling companies of Dedanim. — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The burden upon Arabia. In the forest in Arabia shall ye lodge, O ye travelling companies of Dedanim.

Isaiah 21:13 · KJV


Context

11

The burden of Dumah. He calleth to me out of Seir, Watchman, what of the night? Watchman, what of the night?

12

The watchman said, The morning cometh, and also the night: if ye will enquire, enquire ye: return, come.

13

The burden upon Arabia. In the forest in Arabia shall ye lodge, O ye travelling companies of Dedanim.

14

The inhabitants of the land of Tema brought water to him that was thirsty, they prevented with their bread him that fled. brought: or, bring ye

15

For they fled from the swords, from the drawn sword, and from the bent bow, and from the grievousness of war. from the swords: or, for fear, etc: Heb. from the face, etc


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The burden upon Arabia. In the forest in Arabia shall ye lodge, O ye travelling companies of Dedanim.' Arabia receives a judgment oracle. Dedanites (Arabian tribe descended from Abraham through Keturah, Genesis 25:3) are told they'll lodge 'in the forest'—unusual for desert dwellers. This suggests displacement from normal routes and settlements due to invasion or calamity. Trading caravans forced into hiding in whatever cover exists indicates economic and security collapse. Arabia's strategic position along trade routes meant its stability mattered regionally. This prophecy demonstrates God's sovereignty extends to all nations, not just Israel's immediate neighbors. Every people group exists under divine oversight, subject to His judgments and purposes. The specific tribal identification shows detailed divine knowledge of even relatively minor peoples.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Arabian tribes like Dedan engaged in trade caravans connecting Middle East to South Arabia and beyond—incense, spices, precious goods. Assyrian and later Babylonian campaigns disrupted these trade routes, forcing tribes into marginal existence. Sargon II and Sennacherib's annals mention campaigns against Arabian tribes. The prophecy's fulfillment came through these disruptions—caravans unable to operate normally, tribes hiding from imperial armies, trade networks collapsing. This demonstrates that divine judgments affect economic systems broadly, not just military/political targets. Modern parallels include how regional instabilities disrupt trade, force migrations, and collapse economic networks. The principle remains: God's judgments have comprehensive effects across entire systems, affecting even peripheral participants.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does judgment on Arabian traders teach about divine sovereignty over all peoples?
  2. How do geopolitical judgments cascade into economic disruptions for non-combatants?
  3. Why does God reveal detailed knowledge of even relatively minor tribal groups?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
מַשָּׂ֖א1 of 7

The burden

H4853

a burden; figuratively, an utterance, chiefly a doom, especially singing; mental, desire

בַּעְרַב֙2 of 7

in Arabia

H6152

arab (i.e., arabia), a country east of palestine

בַּיַּ֤עַר3 of 7

In the forest

H3293

a copse of bushes; hence, a forest; hence, honey in the comb (as hived in trees)

בַּעְרַב֙4 of 7

in Arabia

H6152

arab (i.e., arabia), a country east of palestine

תָּלִ֔ינוּ5 of 7

shall ye lodge

H3885

to stop (usually over night); by implication, to stay permanently; hence (in a bad sense) to be obstinate (especially in words, to complain)

אֹֽרְח֖וֹת6 of 7

O ye travelling companies

H736

a caravan

דְּדָנִֽים׃7 of 7

of Dedanim

H1720

dedanites, the descendants or inhabitants of dedan


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 21:13 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 21:13 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

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