King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 25:10 Mean?

1 Samuel 25:10 in the King James Version says “And Nabal answered David's servants, and said, Who is David? and who is the son of Jesse? there be many servants now a d... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 25 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And Nabal answered David's servants, and said, Who is David? and who is the son of Jesse? there be many servants now a days that break away every man from his master.

1 Samuel 25:10 · KJV


Context

8

Ask thy young men, and they will shew thee. Wherefore let the young men find favour in thine eyes: for we come in a good day: give, I pray thee, whatsoever cometh to thine hand unto thy servants, and to thy son David.

9

And when David's young men came, they spake to Nabal according to all those words in the name of David, and ceased. ceased: Heb. rested

10

And Nabal answered David's servants, and said, Who is David? and who is the son of Jesse? there be many servants now a days that break away every man from his master.

11

Shall I then take my bread, and my water, and my flesh that I have killed for my shearers, and give it unto men, whom I know not whence they be? flesh: Heb. slaughter

12

So David's young men turned their way, and went again, and came and told him all those sayings.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And Nabal answered David's servants, and said, Who is David? and who is the son of Jesse? there be many servants now a days that break away every man from his master.

Nabal's response is deliberately insulting. His rhetorical questions 'who is David?' and 'who is the son of Jesse?' feign ignorance of Israel's most famous warrior. Everyone in Judah knew David—Nabal's question is contemptuous dismissal. His reference to runaway servants implies David is a fugitive slave, not a legitimate leader. The Hebrew 'mitparettsim' (breaking away) describes violent rupture from authority. This accusation aligned with Saul's narrative that David was a rebel rather than God's anointed. Nabal's insults reflect both foolish arrogance and political calculation—he sided with Saul against David. His words would prove fatal.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

David's fame throughout Israel made Nabal's feigned ignorance obviously contemptuous. The characterization of David as a runaway servant aligned with Saul's propaganda. Nabal's response represented not just personal insult but political statement against David's legitimacy.

Reflection Questions

  1. What motivates people to deliberately insult those who have helped them?
  2. How does Nabal's response reveal both arrogance and political alliance with Saul?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 18 words
וַיַּ֨עַן1 of 18

answered

H6030

properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e., pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout,

נָבָ֜ל2 of 18

And Nabal

H5037

nabal, an israelite

אֶת3 of 18
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

עֲבָדִ֔ים4 of 18

servants

H5650

a servant

דָוִ֖ד5 of 18

David's

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

וַיֹּ֔אמֶר6 of 18

and said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

מִ֥י7 of 18
H4310

who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix

דָוִ֖ד8 of 18

David's

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

וּמִ֣י9 of 18
H4310

who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix

בֶן10 of 18

and who is the son

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

יִשָׁ֑י11 of 18

of Jesse

H3448

jishai, david's father

הַיּוֹם֙12 of 18

now a days

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

רַבּ֣וּ13 of 18

there be many

H7231

properly, to cast together , i.e., increase, especially in number; to multiply by the myriad

עֲבָדִ֔ים14 of 18

servants

H5650

a servant

הַמִּתְפָּ֣רְצִ֔ים15 of 18

that break away

H6555

to break out (in many applications, direct and indirect, literal and figurative)

אִ֖ישׁ16 of 18

every man

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

מִפְּנֵ֥י17 of 18

from

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

אֲדֹנָֽיו׃18 of 18

his master

H113

sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 25:10 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 25:10 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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