King James Version

What Does 1 Peter 5:8 Mean?

“Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour:”

Context

Humble yourselves therefore under the mighty hand of God, that he may exalt you in due time:

Casting all your care upon him; for he careth for you.

Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour:

Whom resist stedfast in the faith, knowing that the same afflictions are accomplished in your brethren that are in the world.

But the God of all grace, who hath called us unto his eternal glory by Christ Jesus, after that ye have suffered a while, make you perfect, stablish, strengthen, settle you.

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Commentary

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(8) **Be sober, be vigilant.**—Single words in the Greek, and in the tense which bespeaks *immediate* attention. The best text omits the following “because.” These are the sudden cries of warning of a shepherd who spies the lion prowling round the flock in the darkness, while the guardians of the flock lie drowsy and secure. **As a roaring lion.**—The epithet is not only added to lend terror to the description, but the roaring implies hunger and determination. **Walketh about.**—Comp. Job 1:7; Job 2:2. St. Peter, however, is not calling attention to the fact that Satan is *always* prowling about, but he warns the sleeping shepherds that he is especially doing so *now.* This season of persecution was just his time for picking off one here and another there. **Seeking whom he may devour.**—Perhaps still more expressive to say, “seeking *which* he may devour.” Satan is eyeing all the Christians in turn to see which he has the best chance of, not merely stalking forth vaguely to look for prey.

Charles John Ellicott (1819–1905). Public Domain.

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Peter. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Peter 5:8 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.