King James Version

What Does 1 John 1:6 Mean?

1 John 1:6 in the King James Version says “If we say that we have fellowship with him, and walk in darkness, we lie, and do not the truth: — study this verse from 1 John chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

If we say that we have fellowship with him, and walk in darkness, we lie, and do not the truth:

1 John 1:6 · KJV


Context

4

And these things write we unto you, that your joy may be full.

5

This then is the message which we have heard of him, and declare unto you, that God is light, and in him is no darkness at all.

6

If we say that we have fellowship with him, and walk in darkness, we lie, and do not the truth:

7

But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship one with another , and the blood of Jesus Christ his Son cleanseth us from all sin.

8

If we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
If we say that we have fellowship with him, and walk in darkness, we lie, and do not the truth. John introduces the first of several conditional statements testing claims to know God. "If we say" addresses professions of faith that may be false. The contrast is stark: claiming fellowship with God (who is light) while "walking in darkness" is an impossibility—to claim otherwise is to lie.

"Walk" (peripatōmen, περιπατῶμεν) indicates lifestyle and habitual practice, not occasional stumbling. The present tense emphasizes ongoing conduct. Darkness represents sin, error, and moral blindness. "We lie" (pseudometha, ψευδόμεθα) is straightforward—false profession of faith while living in sin is deception.

"Do not the truth" is a Hebraic expression meaning to practice truth, to live according to reality. This verse demolishes antinomianism and exposes mere profession without transformation. Genuine fellowship with God produces changed life—not perfection, but fundamental redirection from darkness to light.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The Gnostic teachers claimed superior spiritual knowledge and fellowship with God while living immorally. They divorced spiritual status from ethical behavior, arguing that the spirit's enlightenment was unaffected by the body's actions. Some practiced strict asceticism, others libertinism—but both denied that moral conduct evidenced true knowledge of God.

This heresy persists throughout church history. Medieval indulgences suggested salvation could be purchased regardless of lifestyle. Antinomian movements claimed grace made obedience irrelevant. Modern "easy believism" sometimes presents salvation as mental assent without life transformation.

John's test is simple and devastating: those who walk in darkness, regardless of their claims, do not have fellowship with the God who is light.

Reflection Questions

  1. Are there areas of your life where you're claiming fellowship with God while walking in darkness?
  2. How can you distinguish between struggling against sin and walking in darkness?
  3. What would it look like for your church to lovingly but firmly apply this test of genuine faith?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 18 words
Ἐὰν1 of 18

If

G1437

a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.; often used in connection with other particles to denote indefiniteness or uncertainty

εἴπωμεν2 of 18

we say

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

ὅτι3 of 18

that

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

κοινωνίαν4 of 18

fellowship

G2842

partnership, i.e., (literally) participation, or (social) intercourse, or (pecuniary) benefaction

ἔχομεν5 of 18

we have

G2192

to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or conditio

μετ'6 of 18

with

G3326

properly, denoting accompaniment; "amid" (local or causal); modified variously according to the case (genitive association, or accusative succession)

αὐτοῦ7 of 18

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

καὶ8 of 18

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐν9 of 18

in

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

τῷ10 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

σκότει11 of 18

darkness

G4655

shadiness, i.e., obscurity (literally or figuratively)

περιπατῶμεν12 of 18

walk

G4043

to tread all around, i.e., walk at large (especially as proof of ability); figuratively, to live, deport oneself, follow (as a companion or votary)

ψευδόμεθα13 of 18

we lie

G5574

to utter an untruth or attempt to deceive by falsehood

καὶ14 of 18

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

οὐ15 of 18

not

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

ποιοῦμεν16 of 18

do

G4160

to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)

τὴν17 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀλήθειαν·18 of 18

the truth

G225

truth


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 John. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 John 1:6 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 John 1:6 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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