King James Version

What Does Romans 3:29 Mean?

Romans 3:29 in the King James Version says “Is he the God of the Jews only? is he not also of the Gentiles? Yes, of the Gentiles also:” — study this verse from Romans chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

“Is he the God of the Jews only? is he not also of the Gentiles? Yes, of the Gentiles also:”

Romans 3:29 · King James Version


Context

27

Where is boasting then? It is excluded. By what law? of works? Nay: but by the law of faith.

28

Therefore we conclude that a man is justified by faith without the deeds of the law.

29

Is he the God of the Jews only? is he not also of the Gentiles? Yes, of the Gentiles also:

30

Seeing it is one God, which shall justify the circumcision by faith, and uncircumcision through faith.

31

Do we then make void the law through faith? God forbid : yea, we establish the law.


Commentaries4 scholars

KJV Study CommentaryPublic Domain
Is he the God of the Jews only? is he not also of the Gentiles? Yes, of the Gentiles also. Paul anticipates an objection: if justification is by faith apart from Torah, doesn't this make God exclusively the God of Gentiles who never had Torah? Ē Ioudaiōn ho theos monon (Ἢ Ἰουδαίων ὁ θεὸς μόνον, "Or is God the God of Jews only?"). Ouchi kai ethnōn (οὐχὶ καὶ ἐθνῶν, "Is he not also of Gentiles?"). Nai kai ethnōn (ναὶ καὶ ἐθνῶν, "Yes, also of Gentiles").

The argument: if salvation were through Torah-keeping, God would be tribal deity of Israel only. But the Shema confesses: "Hear O Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is one" (Deuteronomy 6:4). God's oneness demands one way of salvation for all humanity. Justification by faith alone, apart from Torah, demonstrates God's universal sovereignty and impartial justice. The very monotheism Jews confessed requires the gospel Paul preaches.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Judaism's strict monotheism was its distinguishing mark among pagan polytheism. Paul uses this against works-righteousness: if there is one God, there must be one way of salvation for all peoples. The scandal: Israel's unique privilege (Torah) is not the means of salvation but the testimony to the coming Savior who saves apart from Torah.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's oneness require one way of salvation—challenging both Jewish exclusivism and pluralistic inclusivism?
  2. What does it mean practically that God is "also of the Gentiles"—how should this shape mission and church life?
  3. How do you balance celebrating Israel's unique role in salvation history with affirming one gospel for all?

Compare 4 commentaries from different scholars and time periods for a richer understanding.


Original Language Analysis

Greek · 12 words
ἢ1 of 12

“Is he”

G2228

disjunctive, or; comparative, than

Ἰουδαίων2 of 12

“of the Jews”

G2453

judaean, i.e., belonging to jehudah

ὁ3 of 12
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θεὸς4 of 12

“the God”

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

μόνον5 of 12

“only”

G3440

merely

οὐχὶ6 of 12

“is he not”

G3780

not indeed

δὲ7 of 12

“also”

G1161

but, and, etc

καὶ8 of 12

“also”

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐθνῶν9 of 12

“of the Gentiles”

G1484

a race (as of the same habit), i.e., a tribe; specially, a foreign (non-jewish) one (usually, by implication, pagan)

ναὶ10 of 12

“Yes”

G3483

yes

καὶ11 of 12

“also”

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐθνῶν12 of 12

“of the Gentiles”

G1484

a race (as of the same habit), i.e., a tribe; specially, a foreign (non-jewish) one (usually, by implication, pagan)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Romans. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Romans 3:29 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Romans 3:29 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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