King James Version

What Does Romans 1:18 Mean?

Romans 1:18 in the King James Version says “For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who hold the truth in u... — study this verse from Romans chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who hold the truth in unrighteousness;

Romans 1:18 · KJV


Context

16

For I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ: for it is the power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth; to the Jew first, and also to the Greek.

17

For therein is the righteousness of God revealed from faith to faith: as it is written, The just shall live by faith.

18

For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who hold the truth in unrighteousness;

19

Because that which may be known of God is manifest in them; for God hath shewed it unto them. in them: or, to them

20

For the invisible things of him from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even his eternal power and Godhead; so that they are without excuse: so: or, that they may be


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who hold the truth in unrighteousness;

Having established God's righteousness revealed in the gospel (v. 17), Paul now contrasts it with God's wrath revealed against sin. Apokaluptetai gar orgē theou ap' ouranou (ἀποκαλύπτεται γὰρ ὀργὴ θεοῦ ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ, 'for the wrath of God is revealed from heaven') uses the same verb apokaluptetai (is revealed)—God's wrath is as much a present reality as His righteousness. Orgē (ὀργή, wrath) is not capricious rage but settled, righteous indignation against sin. It is judicial, not emotional; holy, not vindictive.

The object of wrath is epi pasan asebeian kai adikian anthrōpōn (ἐπὶ πᾶσαν ἀσέβειαν καὶ ἀδικίαν ἀνθρώπων, 'against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men'). Asebeian (ἀσέβεια, ungodliness) refers to violations against God—irreverence, idolatry, impiety. Adikian (ἀδικία, unrighteousness) refers to violations against people—injustice, immorality. These two categories encompass the two tables of the law (Exodus 20). The participial phrase tōn tēn alētheian en adikia katechontōn (τῶν τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἐν ἀδικίᾳ κατεχόντων, 'who suppress/hold down the truth in unrighteousness') describes active resistance to known truth. Katechontōn (κατέχω) means to suppress, hold down, or restrain—humanity actively suppresses revelation of God.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Paul's indictment of humanity begins with Gentile idolatry (1:18-32), then includes Jewish law-breaking (2:1-3:8), concluding that all are under sin (3:9-20). This threefold structure demolishes any claim to innocence. The Greco-Roman world was saturated with immorality—temple prostitution, infanticide, gladiatorial bloodshed, slavery, sexual exploitation. Jewish readers would have nodded in agreement about Gentile depravity, only to be confronted with their own sin in chapter 2. Paul's diagnosis is universal and total.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do you reconcile God's love with His wrath (ὀργή), and why is denying divine wrath an assault on God's holiness and justice?
  2. In what ways do you or your culture 'suppress the truth' (κατέχω τὴν ἀλήθειαν) about God, morality, or reality?
  3. What is the relationship between 'ungodliness' (ἀσέβεια) toward God and 'unrighteousness' (ἀδικία) toward people?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 18 words
Ἀποκαλύπτεται1 of 18

is revealed

G601

to take off the cover, i.e., disclose

γὰρ2 of 18

For

G1063

properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)

ὀργὴ3 of 18

the wrath

G3709

properly, desire (as a reaching forth or excitement of the mind), i.e., (by analogy), violent passion (ire, or (justifiable) abhorrence); by implicati

θεοῦ4 of 18

of God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

ἀπ'5 of 18

from

G575

"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)

οὐρανοῦ6 of 18

heaven

G3772

the sky; by extension, heaven (as the abode of god); by implication, happiness, power, eternity; specially, the gospel (christianity)

ἐπὶ7 of 18

against

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

πᾶσαν8 of 18

all

G3956

all, any, every, the whole

ἀσέβειαν9 of 18

ungodliness

G763

impiety, i.e., (by implication) wickedness

καὶ10 of 18

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἀδικίᾳ11 of 18

unrighteousness

G93

(legal) injustice (properly, the quality, by implication, the act); morally, wrongfulness (of character, life or act)

ἀνθρώπων12 of 18

of men

G444

man-faced, i.e., a human being

τῶν13 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

τὴν14 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀλήθειαν15 of 18

the truth

G225

truth

ἐν16 of 18

in

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

ἀδικίᾳ17 of 18

unrighteousness

G93

(legal) injustice (properly, the quality, by implication, the act); morally, wrongfulness (of character, life or act)

κατεχόντων18 of 18

who hold

G2722

to hold down (fast), in various applications (literally or figuratively)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Romans. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Romans 1:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Romans 1:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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