King James Version

What Does Matthew 27:21 Mean?

Matthew 27:21 in the King James Version says “The governor answered and said unto them, Whether of the twain will ye that I release unto you? They said, Barabbas. — study this verse from Matthew chapter 27 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

The governor answered and said unto them, Whether of the twain will ye that I release unto you? They said, Barabbas.

Matthew 27:21 · KJV


Context

19

When he was set down on the judgment seat, his wife sent unto him, saying, Have thou nothing to do with that just man: for I have suffered many things this day in a dream because of him.

20

But the chief priests and elders persuaded the multitude that they should ask Barabbas, and destroy Jesus.

21

The governor answered and said unto them, Whether of the twain will ye that I release unto you? They said, Barabbas.

22

Pilate saith unto them, What shall I do then with Jesus which is called Christ? They all say unto him, Let him be crucified.

23

And the governor said, Why, what evil hath he done? But they cried out the more, saying, Let him be crucified.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Whether of the twain will ye that I release unto you? They said, Barabbas (Τὸν Βαραββᾶν)—The stark, unelaborated response shows mob mentality's power. No deliberation, no debate—just the demand for the rebel. The Greek article ton (the) emphasizes decisiveness: THE Barabbas, not the Christ.

This choice epitomizes humanity's rebellion: choosing sin over salvation, death over life, the murderer over the Life-Giver (Acts 3:14-15). Every sinner who rejects Christ makes the same choice—preferring their own way over God's provision.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Roman crowd dynamics could quickly turn violent. Pilate faced potential riot (27:24) and couldn't risk Caesar hearing of disturbances during Passover. His prefecture was already troubled; Tiberius would not tolerate another incident.

Reflection Questions

  1. In what ways do you choose 'Barabbas' in daily decisions—preferring sin, rebellion, or self over Christ?
  2. How does the crowd's choice reveal the depth of human depravity apart from God's grace?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 17 words
ἀποκριθεὶς1 of 17

answered

G611

to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)

δὲ2 of 17

and

G1161

but, and, etc

3 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἡγεμὼν4 of 17

The governor

G2232

a leader, i.e., chief person (or figuratively, place) of a province

εἰπον,5 of 17

They said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

αὐτοῖς6 of 17

unto them

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Τίνα7 of 17

Whether

G5101

an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)

θέλετε8 of 17

will ye

G2309

to determine (as an active option from subjective impulse; whereas g1014 properly denotes rather a passive acquiescence in objective considerations),

ἀπὸ9 of 17

of

G575

"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)

τῶν10 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δύο11 of 17

the twain

G1417

"two"

ἀπολύσω12 of 17

that I release

G630

to free fully, i.e., (literally) relieve, release, dismiss (reflexively, depart), or (figuratively) let die, pardon or (specially) divorce

ὑμῖν13 of 17

unto you

G5213

to (with or by) you

οἱ14 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ15 of 17

and

G1161

but, and, etc

εἰπον,16 of 17

They said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

Βαραββᾶν17 of 17

Barabbas

G912

son of abba; bar-abbas, an israelite


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 27:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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