King James Version

What Does Matthew 23:29 Mean?

Matthew 23:29 in the King James Version says “Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because ye build the tombs of the prophets, and garnish the sepulchres ... — study this verse from Matthew chapter 23 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because ye build the tombs of the prophets, and garnish the sepulchres of the righteous,

Matthew 23:29 · KJV


Context

27

Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye are like unto whited sepulchres, which indeed appear beautiful outward, but are within full of dead men's bones, and of all uncleanness.

28

Even so ye also outwardly appear righteous unto men, but within ye are full of hypocrisy and iniquity.

29

Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because ye build the tombs of the prophets, and garnish the sepulchres of the righteous,

30

And say, If we had been in the days of our fathers, we would not have been partakers with them in the blood of the prophets.

31

Wherefore ye be witnesses unto yourselves, that ye are the children of them which killed the prophets.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Ye build the tombs of the prophets, and garnish the sepulchres of the righteous (οἰκοδομεῖτε τοὺς τάφους τῶν προφητῶν καὶ κοσμεῖτε τὰ μνημεῖα τῶν δικαίων)—kosmeite means "to adorn, decorate, beautify." The Pharisees constructed elaborate monuments honoring martyred prophets—likely including Isaiah (tradition says sawn in two, Hebrews 11:37), Jeremiah (stoned in Egypt, tradition), Zechariah (2 Chronicles 24:20-22). This appeared pious: honoring God's messengers their ancestors killed.

But Jesus exposes the irony: they honor dead prophets while preparing to kill the Prophet standing before them. They've turned martyrdom memorials into monuments to their own imagined righteousness—"We would never do what our ancestors did." This self-congratulation while plotting Jesus's murder reveals that honoring past prophets can camouflage rejection of present ones.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Second Temple period Jews built elaborate tomb monuments, especially for prophets and righteous figures. Absalom's Pillar and the Tomb of Zechariah in Kidron Valley date to this era. These monuments demonstrated supposed reverence for God's messengers. But Jesus spoke this days before the Sanhedrin (composed largely of Pharisees and Sadducees) would illegally try Him, suborn false witnesses, and demand Roman crucifixion—exactly what their ancestors did to the prophets.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do we honor past spiritual heroes while rejecting current prophetic voices that challenge our comfort and compromise?
  2. What monuments, institutions, or traditions have you built to commemorate past faithfulness while ignoring present calls to repentance?
  3. In what ways does celebrating historical Christian courage serve as substitute for present obedience to costly discipleship?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 18 words
Οὐαὶ1 of 18

Woe

G3759

woe

ὑμῖν2 of 18

unto you

G5213

to (with or by) you

γραμματεῖς3 of 18

scribes

G1122

a professional writer

καὶ4 of 18

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

Φαρισαῖοι5 of 18

Pharisees

G5330

a separatist, i.e., exclusively religious; a pharisean, i.e., jewish sectary

ὑποκριταί6 of 18

hypocrites

G5273

an actor under an assumed character (stage-player), i.e., (figuratively) a dissembler ("hypocrite"

ὅτι7 of 18

! because

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

οἰκοδομεῖτε8 of 18

ye build

G3618

to be a house-builder, i.e., construct or (figuratively) confirm

τοὺς9 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

τάφους10 of 18

the tombs

G5028

a grave (the place of interment)

τῶν11 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

προφητῶν12 of 18

of the prophets

G4396

a foreteller ("prophet"); by analogy, an inspired speaker; by extension, a poet

καὶ13 of 18

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

κοσμεῖτε14 of 18

garnish

G2885

to put in proper order, i.e., decorate (literally or figuratively); specially, to snuff (a wick)

τὰ15 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μνημεῖα16 of 18

the sepulchres

G3419

a remembrance, i.e., cenotaph (place of interment)

τῶν17 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δικαίων18 of 18

of the righteous

G1342

equitable (in character or act); by implication, innocent, holy (absolutely or relatively)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 23:29 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 23:29 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study