King James Version

What Does Luke 5:34 Mean?

Luke 5:34 in the King James Version says “And he said unto them, Can ye make the children of the bridechamber fast, while the bridegroom is with them?” — study this verse from Luke chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

“And he said unto them, Can ye make the children of the bridechamber fast, while the bridegroom is with them?”

Luke 5:34 · King James Version


Context

32

I came not to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance.

33

And they said unto him, Why do the disciples of John fast often, and make prayers, and likewise the disciples of the Pharisees; but thine eat and drink?

34

And he said unto them, Can ye make the children of the bridechamber fast, while the bridegroom is with them?

35

But the days will come, when the bridegroom shall be taken away from them, and then shall they fast in those days.

36

And he spake also a parable unto them; No man putteth a piece of a new garment upon an old ; if otherwise, then both the new maketh a rent, and the piece that was taken out of the new agreeth not with the old.


Commentaries4 scholars

KJV Study CommentaryPublic Domain
Can ye make children bridechamber fast while bridegroom is with them. Rhetorical question expects no. Children nymphōnos wedding guests attendants. Bridechamber wedding hall. Fast nēsteusai abstain food. While en hō during time. Bridegroom nymphios groom. Is with them presence. Fasting is mourning bridegroom presence is joy. Cannot mourn while celebrating. Jesus self-identification as bridegroom. Old Testament imagery God as husband Israel as bride. Jesus claiming divine prerogatives. Reformed theology sees Christ as husband church as bride. Intimate covenant relationship. Marriage most intimate human relationship pictures Christ and church.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Bridegroom imagery rich Old Testament background. Isaiah Jeremiah Hosea depict God as husband Israel as bride. Jewish weddings week-long celebrations feasting. Fasting during wedding inappropriate. Jesus presence is ultimate celebration. He brings kingdom inaug urates new age. Disciples experience joy now though suffering awaits. Early church maintained tension joy in Christ suffering in world. Paradox of Christian life. Modern church sometimes loses this balance either triumphalism no suffering or pessimism no joy. Biblical Christianity holds both.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does Jesus self-identification as bridegroom reveal about His relationship with disciples church?
  2. How does bridegroom imagery challenge both joyless religion and superficial triumphalism?

Compare 4 commentaries from different scholars and time periods for a richer understanding.


Original Language Analysis

Greek · 20 words
ὁ1 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ2 of 20

“And”

G1161

but, and, etc

εἶπεν3 of 20

“he said”

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

πρὸς4 of 20

“unto”

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

αὐτῶν5 of 20

“them”

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Μὴ6 of 20
G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

δύνασθε7 of 20

“Can ye”

G1410

to be able or possible

τοὺς8 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

υἱοὺς9 of 20

“the children”

G5207

a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship

τοῦ10 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

νυμφῶνος11 of 20

“of the bridechamber”

G3567

the bridal room

ἐν12 of 20
G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

ᾧ13 of 20

“while”

G3739

the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that

ὁ14 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

νυμφίος15 of 20

“the bridegroom”

G3566

a bride-groom (literally or figuratively)

μετ'16 of 20

“with”

G3326

properly, denoting accompaniment; "amid" (local or causal); modified variously according to the case (genitive association, or accusative succession)

αὐτῶν17 of 20

“them”

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἐστιν18 of 20

“is”

G2076

he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are

ποιῆσαι19 of 20

“make”

G4160

to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)

νηστεύειν20 of 20

“fast”

G3522

to abstain from food (religiously)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 5:34 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 5:34 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study