King James Version

What Does Luke 3:7 Mean?

Luke 3:7 in the King James Version says “Then said he to the multitude that came forth to be baptized of him, O generation of vipers, who hath warned you to flee... — study this verse from Luke chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Then said he to the multitude that came forth to be baptized of him, O generation of vipers, who hath warned you to flee from the wrath to come?

Luke 3:7 · KJV


Context

5

Every valley shall be filled, and every mountain and hill shall be brought low; and the crooked shall be made straight, and the rough ways shall be made smooth;

6

And all flesh shall see the salvation of God.

7

Then said he to the multitude that came forth to be baptized of him, O generation of vipers, who hath warned you to flee from the wrath to come?

8

Bring forth therefore fruits worthy of repentance, and begin not to say within yourselves, We have Abraham to our father: for I say unto you, That God is able of these stones to raise up children unto Abraham. worthy of: or, meet for

9

And now also the axe is laid unto the root of the trees: every tree therefore which bringeth not forth good fruit is hewn down, and cast into the fire.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
John's harsh address—'O generation of vipers, who hath warned you to flee from the wrath to come?'—demonstrates uncompromising confrontation of spiritual pride. 'Generation of vipers' (serpent's brood) echoes Genesis 3:15, identifying them with Satan's spiritual offspring. The rhetorical question 'who hath warned you?' implies skepticism about their motives—were they truly repentant or merely seeking fire insurance? John's reference to 'wrath to come' emphasizes eschatological judgment, making repentance urgent. This bold denunciation, particularly of religious leaders (Matt 3:7 specifies Pharisees and Sadducees), demonstrates that true prophetic ministry confronts sin even in the religious. John's language teaches that genuine gospel ministry includes warning of judgment.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Pharisees and Sadducees coming for baptism likely sought to investigate John's movement or gain popular support without genuine repentance. John's harsh language exposed their spiritual pride and false confidence in Abrahamic descent. His confrontation cost him his life but prepared hearts for Jesus's similar confrontations.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why is warning of God's wrath essential to faithful gospel proclamation?
  2. How can we discern between genuine repentance and mere religious performance?
  3. What does John's boldness in confronting religious leaders teach about prophetic ministry?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 18 words
Ἔλεγεν1 of 18

said

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

οὖν2 of 18

Then

G3767

(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly

τοῖς3 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἐκπορευομένοις4 of 18

that came forth

G1607

to depart, be discharged, proceed, project

ὄχλοις5 of 18

he to the multitude

G3793

a throng (as borne along); by implication, the rabble; by extension, a class of people; figuratively, a riot

βαπτισθῆναι6 of 18

to be baptized

G907

to immerse, submerge; to make whelmed (i.e., fully wet); used only (in the new testament) of ceremonial ablution, especially (technically) of the ordi

ὑπ'7 of 18

of

G5259

under, i.e., (with the genitive case) of place (beneath), or with verbs (the agency or means, through); (with the accusative case) of place (whither (

αὐτοῦ8 of 18

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Γεννήματα9 of 18

O generation

G1081

offspring; by analogy, produce (literally or figuratively)

ἐχιδνῶν10 of 18

of vipers

G2191

an adder or other poisonous snake (literally or figuratively)

τίς11 of 18

who

G5101

an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)

ὑπέδειξεν12 of 18

hath warned

G5263

to exhibit under the eyes, i.e., (figuratively) to exemplify (instruct, admonish)

ὑμῖν13 of 18

you

G5213

to (with or by) you

φυγεῖν14 of 18

to flee

G5343

to run away (literally or figuratively); by implication, to shun; by analogy, to vanish

ἀπὸ15 of 18

from

G575

"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)

τῆς16 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μελλούσης17 of 18

to come

G3195

to intend, i.e., be about to be, do, or suffer something (of persons or things, especially events; in the sense of purpose, duty, necessity, probabili

ὀργῆς18 of 18

the wrath

G3709

properly, desire (as a reaching forth or excitement of the mind), i.e., (by analogy), violent passion (ire, or (justifiable) abhorrence); by implicati


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 3:7 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 3:7 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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