King James Version

What Does Luke 20:24 Mean?

Luke 20:24 in the King James Version says “Shew me a penny. Whose image and superscription hath it? They answered and said, Caesar's. — study this verse from Luke chapter 20 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Shew me a penny. Whose image and superscription hath it? They answered and said, Caesar's.

Luke 20:24 · KJV


Context

22

Is it lawful for us to give tribute unto Caesar, or no?

23

But he perceived their craftiness, and said unto them, Why tempt ye me?

24

Shew me a penny. Whose image and superscription hath it? They answered and said, Caesar's.

25

And he said unto them, Render therefore unto Caesar the things which be Caesar's, and unto God the things which be God's.

26

And they could not take hold of his words before the people: and they marvelled at his answer, and held their peace.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Shew me a penny (ἐπιδείξατέ μοι δηνάριον, epideixate moi dēnarion)—Jesus asks for the tribute coin itself, forcing his accusers to produce it. The δηνάριον (dēnarion, denarius) was a Roman silver coin, a day's wage. By having them produce it, Jesus subtly reveals they carry Caesar's currency while questioning him about its use.

Whose image and superscription hath it? (τίνος ἔχει εἰκόνα καὶ ἐπιγραφήν, tinos echei eikona kai epigraphēn)—The εἰκών (eikōn, 'image') recalls Genesis 1:27, where humanity bears God's image. Caesar's coin bears Caesar's image; humans bear God's image. The ἐπιγραφή (epigraphē, 'inscription') proclaimed Tiberius as 'son of the divine Augustus,' an idolatrous claim that made the coin doubly offensive to Jews.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The denarius of Tiberius (AD 14-37) showed his profile with the inscription 'TI CAESAR DIVI AVG F AUGUSTUS' (Tiberius Caesar, son of the divine Augustus). The reverse showed a seated female figure (Pax or Livia) with 'PONTIF MAXIM' (high priest). Jews particularly objected to graven images and divine claims for Caesar.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why does Jesus make them produce the coin rather than answering abstractly about taxation?
  2. How does the concept of bearing God's image contrast with coins bearing Caesar's image?
  3. What does your wallet (or digital payment methods) reveal about what 'kingdoms' you participate in?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 12 words
ἐπιδείξατέ1 of 12

Shew

G1925

to exhibit (physically or mentally)

μοι2 of 12

me

G3427

to me

δηνάριον·3 of 12

a penny

G1220

a denarius (or ten asses)

τίνος4 of 12

Whose

G5101

an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)

ἔχει5 of 12

hath it

G2192

to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or conditio

εἰκόνα6 of 12

image

G1504

a likeness, i.e., (literally) statue, profile, or (figuratively) representation, resemblance

καὶ7 of 12

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐπιγραφήν8 of 12

superscription

G1923

an inscription

ἀποκριθέντες9 of 12

They answered

G611

to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)

δὲ10 of 12

and

G1161

but, and, etc

εἶπον,11 of 12

said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

Καίσαρος12 of 12

Caesar's

G2541

caesar, a title of the roman emperor


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 20:24 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 20:24 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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