King James Version

What Does Luke 2:1 Mean?

Luke 2:1 in the King James Version says “And it came to pass in those days, that there went out a decree from Caesar Augustus, that all the world should be taxed... — study this verse from Luke chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And it came to pass in those days, that there went out a decree from Caesar Augustus, that all the world should be taxed. taxed: or, enrolled

Luke 2:1 · KJV


Context

1

And it came to pass in those days, that there went out a decree from Caesar Augustus, that all the world should be taxed. taxed: or, enrolled

2

( And this taxing was first made when Cyrenius was governor of Syria.)

3

And all went to be taxed, every one into his own city.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Luke grounds the nativity in world history: 'And it came to pass in those days, that there went out a decree from Caesar Augustus, that all the world should be taxed' (ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις ἐξῆλθεν δόγμα παρὰ Καίσαρος Αὐγούστου ἀπογράφεσθαι πᾶσαν τὴν οἰκουμένην). The term 'dogma' (δόγμα) means official decree or edict, while 'apographō' (ἀπογράφω) refers to census registration for taxation. This historical anchor demonstrates Christianity's foundation in public, verifiable events, not private myth. God's sovereignty is evident—a pagan emperor's decree unwittingly moves Joseph and Mary to Bethlehem, fulfilling Micah 5:2's prophecy. Rome's might serves divine purposes without knowing it.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Caesar Augustus (Octavian) reigned 27 BC - AD 14, establishing the Pax Romana. Historical records confirm periodic census registrations throughout the empire, though dating Luke's specific census remains debated. Quirinius's governorship (v.2) may refer to an earlier term before his known tenure in AD 6. Luke, a careful historian, likely had access to official records. The census required registration in ancestral hometowns, explaining Joseph's journey from Nazareth to Bethlehem.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's use of Caesar's decree to fulfill prophecy demonstrate His sovereignty over human history?
  2. What does Luke's careful historical documentation teach about the relationship between faith and verifiable facts?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 15 words
Ἐγένετο1 of 15

it came to pass

G1096

to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)

δὲ2 of 15

And

G1161

but, and, etc

ἐν3 of 15

in

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

ταῖς4 of 15
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἡμέραις5 of 15

days

G2250

day, i.e., (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but several days were usually reckoned by the jews as inclusive of

ἐκείναις6 of 15

those

G1565

that one (or (neuter) thing); often intensified by the article prefixed

ἐξῆλθεν7 of 15

that there went out

G1831

to issue (literally or figuratively)

δόγμα8 of 15

a decree

G1378

a law (civil, ceremonial or ecclesiastical)

παρὰ9 of 15

from

G3844

properly, near; i.e., (with genitive case) from beside (literally or figuratively), (with dative case) at (or in) the vicinity of (objectively or subj

Καίσαρος10 of 15

Caesar

G2541

caesar, a title of the roman emperor

Αὐγούστου11 of 15

Augustus

G828

augustus, a title of the roman emperor

ἀπογράφεσθαι12 of 15

should be taxed

G583

to write off (a copy or list), i.e., enrol

πᾶσαν13 of 15

that all

G3956

all, any, every, the whole

τὴν14 of 15
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

οἰκουμένην15 of 15

the world

G3625

land, i.e., the (terrene part of the) globe; specially, the roman empire


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 2:1 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 2:1 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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