King James Version

What Does Luke 20:23 Mean?

Luke 20:23 in the King James Version says “But he perceived their craftiness, and said unto them, Why tempt ye me? — study this verse from Luke chapter 20 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But he perceived their craftiness, and said unto them, Why tempt ye me?

Luke 20:23 · KJV


Context

21

And they asked him, saying, Master, we know that thou sayest and teachest rightly, neither acceptest thou the person of any, but teachest the way of God truly : truly: or, of a truth

22

Is it lawful for us to give tribute unto Caesar, or no?

23

But he perceived their craftiness, and said unto them, Why tempt ye me?

24

Shew me a penny. Whose image and superscription hath it? They answered and said, Caesar's.

25

And he said unto them, Render therefore unto Caesar the things which be Caesar's, and unto God the things which be God's.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But he perceived their craftiness (κατανοήσας δὲ αὐτῶν τὴν πανουργίαν, katanoēsas de autōn tēn panοurgian)—the verb κατανοέω (katanoeō) means to discern thoroughly, perceive completely. Jesus sees through their πανουργία (panourgia), a term meaning cunning, trickery, unscrupulous cleverness—the same word Paul uses in 2 Corinthians 4:2 for shameful hidden ways.

Why tempt ye me? (τί με πειράζετε, ti me peirazete)—the verb πειράζω (peirazō) can mean 'test' or 'tempt.' They're not seeking wisdom but attempting to ensnare him, echoing Satan's temptations in the wilderness. Jesus's question exposes their motive before answering their substance—he refuses to play the rigged game.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Greek philosophical tradition distinguished between sophistry (clever but deceptive argument) and genuine wisdom. Jesus's exposure of their panourgia would resonate with educated audiences who valued philosophical honesty. Socrates similarly exposed sophists who used questions to trap rather than to teach.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Jesus's example teach us to address the motive behind a question before answering its content?
  2. When does legitimate testing cross into sinful tempting or entrapment?
  3. What spiritual gift allows discernment of craftiness versus genuine inquiry?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 11 words
κατανοήσας1 of 11

he perceived

G2657

to observe fully

δὲ2 of 11

But

G1161

but, and, etc

αὐτούς3 of 11

their

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

τὴν4 of 11
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πανουργίαν5 of 11

craftiness

G3834

adroitness, i.e., (in a bad sense) trickery or sophistry

εἶπεν6 of 11

and said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

πρὸς7 of 11

unto

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

αὐτούς8 of 11

their

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

τί9 of 11

Why

G5101

an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)

μέ10 of 11

me

G3165

me

πειράζετε11 of 11

tempt ye

G3985

to test (objectively), i.e., endeavor, scrutinize, entice, discipline


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 20:23 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 20:23 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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