King James Version

What Does Luke 20:22 Mean?

Luke 20:22 in the King James Version says “Is it lawful for us to give tribute unto Caesar, or no? — study this verse from Luke chapter 20 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Is it lawful for us to give tribute unto Caesar, or no?

Luke 20:22 · KJV


Context

20

And they watched him, and sent forth spies, which should feign themselves just men, that they might take hold of his words, that so they might deliver him unto the power and authority of the governor.

21

And they asked him, saying, Master, we know that thou sayest and teachest rightly, neither acceptest thou the person of any, but teachest the way of God truly : truly: or, of a truth

22

Is it lawful for us to give tribute unto Caesar, or no?

23

But he perceived their craftiness, and said unto them, Why tempt ye me?

24

Shew me a penny. Whose image and superscription hath it? They answered and said, Caesar's.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Is it lawful for us to give tribute unto Caesar, or no? (ἔξεστιν ἡμᾶς Καίσαρι φόρον δοῦναι ἢ οὔ, exestin hēmas Kaisari phoron dounai ē ou)—a masterfully crafted trap. The word φόρος (phoros) refers specifically to the Roman poll tax, paid annually by every Judean to Rome, a hated symbol of subjugation.

Answer 'yes' and Jesus alienates the Jewish masses who resented Roman occupation. Answer 'no' and he commits sedition against Caesar, grounds for immediate arrest. The question is theological (is it lawful, i.e., according to God's law?) but politically loaded. This is the same tax that sparked Judas the Galilean's revolt (Acts 5:37), crushed by Rome with mass crucifixions.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The Roman census tax (tributum capitis) began in AD 6 when Judea became a Roman province. Jews had to pay with Roman denarii bearing Caesar's image and the inscription 'Tiberius Caesar, son of the divine Augustus.' For monotheistic Jews, coins proclaiming Caesar's divinity were especially offensive. Revolutionary zealots taught that paying was apostasy.

Reflection Questions

  1. When have you posed questions not to learn but to trap someone into a no-win situation?
  2. How do you respond when facing a question designed to make any answer you give seem wrong?
  3. What does Jesus's handling of this trap teach about wisdom in politically charged conversations?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 7 words
ἔξεστιν1 of 7

Is it lawful

G1832

so also ???? <pronunciation strongs="ex-on'"/> neuter present participle of the same (with or without some form of g1510 expressed); impersonally, it

ἡμῖν2 of 7

for us

G2254

to (or for, with, by) us

Καίσαρι3 of 7

unto Caesar

G2541

caesar, a title of the roman emperor

φόρον4 of 7

tribute

G5411

a load (as borne), i.e., (figuratively) a tax (properly, an individual assessment on persons or property; whereas g5056 is usually a general toll on g

δοῦναι5 of 7

to give

G1325

to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or figuratively; greatly modified by the connection)

6 of 7

or

G2228

disjunctive, or; comparative, than

οὔ7 of 7

no

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 20:22 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 20:22 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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