King James Version

What Does Luke 2:13 Mean?

Luke 2:13 in the King James Version says “And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host praising God, and saying, — study this verse from Luke chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host praising God, and saying,

Luke 2:13 · KJV


Context

11

For unto you is born this day in the city of David a Saviour, which is Christ the Lord.

12

And this shall be a sign unto you; Ye shall find the babe wrapped in swaddling clothes, lying in a manger.

13

And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host praising God, and saying,

14

Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace, good will toward men.

15

And it came to pass, as the angels were gone away from them into heaven, the shepherds said one to another, Let us now go even unto Bethlehem, and see this thing which is come to pass, which the Lord hath made known unto us. the shepherds: Gr. the men the shepherds


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Suddenly 'a multitude of the heavenly host' joins the angel, praising God. The term 'heavenly host' (Greek 'plēthos stratias ouraniou,' πλῆθος στρατιᾶς οὐρανίου) literally means 'multitude of heaven's army'—myriads of angels constituting God's forces. Their sudden appearance magnifies the birth's significance—all heaven celebrates this moment. The military imagery of 'host/army' contrasts with their peaceful message, suggesting that Christ's birth initiates spiritual warfare's decisive battle, where Prince of Peace conquers through suffering rather than military might.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Old Testament theophanies often featured angelic hosts (Jacob's ladder, Joshua meeting the commander of the LORD's army, Elisha's vision of chariots of fire). The term 'host' applied to both earthly armies and angelic forces, emphasizing God's sovereignty over all powers. That this multitude appears to announce Christ's birth demonstrates heaven's unified witness to incarnation's significance. Later revelation shows these angelic armies accompanying Christ's second coming (Revelation 19:14), but here they herald His first coming with praise rather than judgment.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does the appearance of heaven's armies at Christ's birth reveal about the incarnation's cosmic significance?
  2. How does the contrast between military imagery (hosts/armies) and peaceful message (glory to God, peace on earth) characterize Christ's kingdom?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 14 words
καὶ1 of 14

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐξαίφνης2 of 14

suddenly

G1810

of a sudden (unexpectedly)

ἐγένετο3 of 14

there was

G1096

to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)

σὺν4 of 14

with

G4862

with or together (but much closer than g3326 or g3844), i.e., by association, companionship, process, resemblance, possession, instrumentality, additi

τῷ5 of 14
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀγγέλῳ6 of 14

the angel

G32

compare g0034) (to bring tidings); a messenger; especially an "angel"; by implication, a pastor

πλῆθος7 of 14

a multitude

G4128

a fulness, i.e., a large number, throng, populace

στρατιᾶς8 of 14

host

G4756

from the base of g4766, as encamped); camp-likeness, i.e., an army, i.e., (figuratively) the angels, the celestial luminaries

οὐρανίου9 of 14

of the heavenly

G3770

celestial, i.e., belonging to or coming from the sky

αἰνούντων10 of 14

praising

G134

to praise (god)

τὸν11 of 14
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θεὸν12 of 14

God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

καὶ13 of 14

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

λεγόντων14 of 14

saying

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 2:13 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 2:13 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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