King James Version

What Does Luke 13:2 Mean?

Luke 13:2 in the King James Version says “And Jesus answering said unto them, Suppose ye that these Galilaeans were sinners above all the Galilaeans, because they... — study this verse from Luke chapter 13 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And Jesus answering said unto them, Suppose ye that these Galilaeans were sinners above all the Galilaeans, because they suffered such things?

Luke 13:2 · KJV


Context

1

There were present at that season some that told him of the Galilaeans, whose blood Pilate had mingled with their sacrifices.

2

And Jesus answering said unto them, Suppose ye that these Galilaeans were sinners above all the Galilaeans, because they suffered such things?

3

I tell you, Nay: but, except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish.

4

Or those eighteen , upon whom the tower in Siloam fell, and slew them, think ye that they were sinners above all men that dwelt in Jerusalem? sinners: or, debtors


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Jesus challenges the assumption that these murdered Galileans were worse sinners than others. The Greek phrase 'hamartōloi para pantas' (ἁμαρτωλοὶ παρὰ πάντας, 'sinners above all') indicates the people's belief that exceptional suffering proves exceptional guilt. This reflects the common ancient view (still prevalent today) that tragedy signals divine judgment for particular sins. Jesus categorically rejects this theology, which His disciples also held (John 9:2). The question expects a negative answer—'No, these Galileans were not greater sinners.' Universal human sinfulness means all equally deserve judgment; suffering does not correlate directly with individual guilt. This teaching prepares for the gospel truth that Christ suffered not for His own sins but as substitute for all.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Jewish theology, influenced by Deuteronomic covenant blessings and curses, often interpreted suffering as punishment for sin and prosperity as reward for righteousness. The book of Job challenges this simplistic theology, as does Jesus here. The Pharisees particularly emphasized the equation of suffering with guilt, which led them to avoid sinners lest they share their punishment. Jesus' teaching here undermines this entire worldview, establishing that all humanity stands equally guilty before God (Romans 3:23) and that God's grace, not human merit, determines salvation.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Jesus' teaching here relate to His statement that God 'makes His sun rise on the evil and on the good' (Matthew 5:45)?
  2. What false comfort might people derive from believing that suffering always indicates personal guilt?
  3. How should Christians respond to tragedy without either blaming victims or denying sin's reality?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 20 words
καὶ1 of 20

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἀποκριθεὶς2 of 20

answering

G611

to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)

3 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἰησοῦς4 of 20

Jesus

G2424

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

εἶπεν5 of 20

said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

αὐτοῖς6 of 20

unto them

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Δοκεῖτε7 of 20

Suppose ye

G1380

compare the base of g1166) of the same meaning; to think; by implication, to seem (truthfully or uncertainly)

ὅτι8 of 20

because

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

οἱ9 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Γαλιλαίους10 of 20

Galilaeans

G1057

galilean or belonging to galilea

οὗτοι11 of 20

these

G3778

the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)

ἁμαρτωλοὶ12 of 20

sinners

G268

sinful, i.e., a sinner

παρὰ13 of 20

above

G3844

properly, near; i.e., (with genitive case) from beside (literally or figuratively), (with dative case) at (or in) the vicinity of (objectively or subj

πάντας14 of 20

all

G3956

all, any, every, the whole

τοὺς15 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Γαλιλαίους16 of 20

Galilaeans

G1057

galilean or belonging to galilea

ἐγένοντο17 of 20

were

G1096

to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)

ὅτι18 of 20

because

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

τοιαῦτα19 of 20

such things

G5108

truly this, i.e., of this sort (to denote character or individuality)

πεπόνθασιν20 of 20

they suffered

G3958

to experience a sensation or impression (usually painful)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 13:2 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 13:2 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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