King James Version

What Does Luke 11:17 Mean?

Luke 11:17 in the King James Version says “But he, knowing their thoughts, said unto them, Every kingdom divided against itself is brought to desolation; and a hou... — study this verse from Luke chapter 11 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But he, knowing their thoughts, said unto them, Every kingdom divided against itself is brought to desolation; and a house divided against a house falleth.

Luke 11:17 · KJV


Context

15

But some of them said, He casteth out devils through Beelzebub the chief of the devils. Beelzebub: Gr. Beelzebul

16

And others, tempting him, sought of him a sign from heaven.

17

But he, knowing their thoughts, said unto them, Every kingdom divided against itself is brought to desolation; and a house divided against a house falleth.

18

If Satan also be divided against himself, how shall his kingdom stand? because ye say that I cast out devils through Beelzebub.

19

And if I by Beelzebub cast out devils, by whom do your sons cast them out? therefore shall they be your judges.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But he, knowing their thoughts, said unto them, Every kingdom divided against itself is brought to desolation. Jesus demonstrates divine omniscience: "knowing their thoughts" (εἰδὼς αὐτῶν τὰ διανοήματα, eidōs autōn ta dianoēmata) reveals His penetration of unspoken motives. He responds with irrefutable logic: "Every kingdom divided against itself is brought to desolation" (πᾶσα βασιλεία ἐφ' ἑαυτὴν διαμερισθεῖσα ἐρημοῦται, pasa basileia eph' heautēn diameristheisa erēmoutai). The verb "brought to desolation" (ἐρημοῦται, erēmoutai) means to be laid waste, made desolate, destroyed.

And a house divided against a house falleth. Jesus reinforces the principle with domestic imagery: internal division causes collapse. The argument devastates the Beelzebub accusation—if Satan empowers Jesus to destroy demons, Satan wars against himself, which is self-defeating absurdity. This reveals the theological principle that evil, being parasitic on good, contains inherent self-destructive tendencies. Satan's kingdom, though real and powerful, is fundamentally unstable because it opposes God's created order. Only God's kingdom, built on truth and love, endures eternally.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Jesus' argument uses a form of reductio ad absurdum familiar in rabbinic debate—demonstrating an opponent's position leads to logical impossibility. The imagery of divided kingdoms resonated with audiences familiar with civil wars that destroyed nations (Israel's divided kingdom after Solomon, Roman civil wars). The political metaphor carries theological weight: God's kingdom advances with unity and power, while Satan's, though temporarily formidable, is ultimately doomed to collapse through its inherent contradictions and God's sovereign judgment.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does Jesus' knowledge of unspoken thoughts reveal about His deity and the impossibility of hiding our true motives from God?
  2. How does the principle that 'a house divided cannot stand' apply to church unity and the damage caused by internal conflicts?
  3. What does this passage teach about the ultimate instability of evil and the certainty of God's kingdom prevailing?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 19 words
αὐτοῖς1 of 19

he

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

δὲ2 of 19

But

G1161

but, and, etc

εἰδὼς3 of 19

knowing

G1492

used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl

αὐτοῖς4 of 19

he

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

τὰ5 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

διανοήματα6 of 19

thoughts

G1270

something thought through, i.e., a sentiment

εἶπεν7 of 19

said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

αὐτοῖς8 of 19

he

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Πᾶσα9 of 19

Every

G3956

all, any, every, the whole

βασιλεία10 of 19

kingdom

G932

properly, royalty, i.e., (abstractly) rule, or (concretely) a realm (literally or figuratively)

ἐπὶ11 of 19

against

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

ἑαυτὴν12 of 19

itself

G1438

(him- her-, it-, them-, my-, thy-, our-, your-)self (selves), etc

διαμερισθεῖσα13 of 19

divided

G1266

to partition thoroughly (literally in distribution, figuratively in dissension)

ἐρημοῦται14 of 19

is brought to desolation

G2049

to lay waste (literally or figuratively)

καὶ15 of 19

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

οἶκον16 of 19

a house

G3624

a dwelling (more or less extensive, literal or figurative); by implication, a family (more or less related, literally or figuratively)

ἐπὶ17 of 19

against

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

οἶκον18 of 19

a house

G3624

a dwelling (more or less extensive, literal or figurative); by implication, a family (more or less related, literally or figuratively)

πίπτει19 of 19

falleth

G4098

to fall (literally or figuratively)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 11:17 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 11:17 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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