King James Version

What Does Jude 1:14 Mean?

Jude 1:14 in the King James Version says “And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold, the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his sa... — study this verse from Jude chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold, the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints,

Jude 1:14 · KJV


Context

12

These are spots in your feasts of charity, when they feast with you, feeding themselves without fear: clouds they are without water, carried about of winds; trees whose fruit withereth, without fruit, twice dead, plucked up by the roots;

13

Raging waves of the sea, foaming out their own shame; wandering stars, to whom is reserved the blackness of darkness for ever.

14

And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold, the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints,

15

To execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed, and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him.

16

These are murmurers, complainers, walking after their own lusts; and their mouth speaketh great swelling words, having men's persons in admiration because of advantage.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold, the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints, Jude now quotes from 1 Enoch 1:9, a Jewish apocalyptic work written around 200-100 BC. "Enoch, the seventh from Adam" (Greek Henoch hebdomos apo Adam, Ἑνὼχ ἕβδομος ἀπὸ Ἀδὰμ) identifies the antediluvian patriarch who "walked with God: and he was not; for God took him" (Genesis 5:21-24). The number seven often signifies completeness or perfection in Scripture; Enoch's position as seventh may suggest completeness of witness before the flood.

The verb "prophesied" (Greek proephēteuse, προεφήτευσε) indicates Enoch spoke prophetically about coming judgment. "Prophesied of these" specifically applies his ancient warning to contemporary false teachers—judgment pronounced millennia ago remains relevant. "Behold, the Lord cometh" (Greek idou ēlthen kyrios, ἰδοὺ ἦλθεν κύριος) uses prophetic perfect tense—the coming is so certain it's spoken of as already accomplished.

"With ten thousands of his saints" (Greek en hagiais myriasin autou, ἐν ἁγίαις μυριάσιν αὐτοῦ) depicts the Lord accompanied by countless holy ones—either angels or glorified believers or both. "Myriads" suggests innumerable multitudes. This vision of Christ's return in glory with His people to execute judgment echoes throughout Scripture (Deuteronomy 33:2, Daniel 7:10, Zechariah 14:5, Matthew 25:31, 1 Thessalonians 3:13, Revelation 19:14). The imagery emphasizes both the certainty and magnificence of coming judgment.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Jude's quotation from 1 Enoch raised questions about canonicity in early church debates. How could Scripture quote a non-canonical source? Several responses emerged: (1) Paul quoted pagan poets without endorsing paganism (Acts 17:28, Titus 1:12). Quoting a source doesn't canonize it, just affirms the truth of the quoted portion. (2) Under inspiration, Jude could authenticate genuinely prophetic material preserved in extrabiblical tradition. (3) Both Jude and 1 Enoch may draw from common oral tradition going back to Enoch himself.

1 Enoch was popular in Second Temple Judaism. Fragments were found among Dead Sea Scrolls, indicating widespread circulation. Ethiopian Orthodox Church includes it in their canon. While most Christians rejected it as Scripture, they recognized it contained some authentic tradition. Jude's use legitimizes selective quoting of extrabiblical sources when they preserve truth, without requiring acceptance of entire works.

The concept of Enoch's translation without death (Genesis 5:24, Hebrews 11:5) made him a significant figure in Jewish apocalyptic thought. As one who entered God's presence directly, he was viewed as privy to heavenly secrets. Whether Enoch actually spoke these words or they represent later tradition, Jude's inspired use establishes their prophetic validity for this context.

Reflection Questions

  1. How should the certainty of Christ's return in judgment shape daily Christian living and priorities?
  2. What does it mean that believers will accompany Christ and participate in judgment?
  3. How does applying ancient prophecy to current situations demonstrate Scripture's timeless relevance?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 16 words
προεφήτευσεν1 of 16

prophesied

G4395

to foretell events, divine, speak under inspiration, exercise the prophetic office

δὲ2 of 16

And

G1161

but, and, etc

καὶ3 of 16

also

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τούτοις4 of 16

of these

G5125

to (for, in, with or by) these (persons or things)

ἕβδομος5 of 16

the seventh

G1442

seventh

ἀπὸ6 of 16

from

G575

"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)

Ἀδὰμ7 of 16

Adam

G76

adam, the first man; typically (of jesus) man (as his representative)

Ἑνὼχ8 of 16

Enoch

G1802

enoch (i.e., chanok), an antediluvian

λέγων,9 of 16

saying

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

Ἰδού,10 of 16

Behold

G2400

used as imperative lo!

ἦλθεν11 of 16

cometh

G2064

to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

Κύριος12 of 16

the Lord

G2962

supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)

ἐν13 of 16

with

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

μυριάσιν14 of 16

ten thousands

G3461

a ten-thousand; by extension, a "myriad" or indefinite number

ἁγίαις15 of 16

saints

G40

sacred (physically, pure, morally blameless or religious, ceremonially, consecrated)

αὐτοῦ16 of 16
G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Jude. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Jude 1:14 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Jude 1:14 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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