King James Version

What Does Isaiah 23:2 Mean?

Isaiah 23:2 in the King James Version says “Be still, ye inhabitants of the isle; thou whom the merchants of Zidon, that pass over the sea, have replenished. still:... — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 23 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Be still, ye inhabitants of the isle; thou whom the merchants of Zidon, that pass over the sea, have replenished. still: Heb. silent

Isaiah 23:2 · KJV


Context

1

The burden of Tyre. Howl, ye ships of Tarshish; for it is laid waste, so that there is no house, no entering in: from the land of Chittim it is revealed to them.

2

Be still, ye inhabitants of the isle; thou whom the merchants of Zidon, that pass over the sea, have replenished. still: Heb. silent

3

And by great waters the seed of Sihor, the harvest of the river, is her revenue; and she is a mart of nations.

4

Be thou ashamed, O Zidon: for the sea hath spoken, even the strength of the sea, saying, I travail not, nor bring forth children, neither do I nourish up young men, nor bring up virgins.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Be still, ye inhabitants of the isle (דֹּמּוּ יֹשְׁבֵי אִי)—The command to 'be still' or 'be silent' (dommu) opens the lament over Tyre. The Hebrew conveys stunned silence in the face of catastrophe, not peaceful rest. Thou whom the merchants of Zidon have replenished—Zidon (Sidon) and Tyre were sister Phoenician cities dominating Mediterranean trade. The verb milleu (replenished/filled) indicates Tyre's prosperity came through Sidonian maritime commerce.

The 'isle' (i) may refer to coastal Tyre itself (built partly on an island) or Cyprus and other Mediterranean trading posts dependent on Phoenician shipping. This oracle's judgment fell through Nebuchadnezzar's 13-year siege (585-572 BC) and later Alexander's conquest (332 BC). Tyre's fall demonstrated that economic dominance provides no security against divine judgment—a warning echoed in Revelation 18's description of commercial Babylon's collapse.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Tyre, located on the Phoenician coast (modern Lebanon), was the ancient world's premier trading empire by Isaiah's time (8th century BC). Its ships dominated Mediterranean commerce, establishing colonies as far as Spain. The city's wealth and apparent invincibility made its prophesied destruction shocking to contemporaries.

Reflection Questions

  1. What modern economic powers or systems seem too big to fail, yet remain under God's sovereign judgment?
  2. How does reliance on commercial success create a false sense of security that blinds us to spiritual vulnerability?
  3. Why does God command silence before announcing judgment—what does this reveal about appropriate responses to divine action?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
דֹּ֖מּוּ1 of 8

Be still

H1826

to be dumb; by implication, to be astonished, to stop; also to perish

יֹ֣שְׁבֵי2 of 8

ye inhabitants

H3427

properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry

אִ֑י3 of 8

of the isle

H339

properly, a habitable spot (as desirable); dry land, a coast, an island

סֹחֵ֥ר4 of 8

thou whom the merchants

H5503

to travel round (specifically as a pedlar); intensively, to palpitate

צִיד֛וֹן5 of 8

of Zidon

H6721

tsidon, the name of a son of canaan, and of a place in palestine

עֹבֵ֥ר6 of 8

that pass over

H5674

to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in

יָ֖ם7 of 8

the sea

H3220

a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif

מִלְאֽוּךְ׃8 of 8

have replenished

H4390

to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 23:2 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 23:2 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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