King James Version

What Does Exodus 34:12 Mean?

Exodus 34:12 in the King James Version says “Take heed to thyself, lest thou make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land whither thou goest, lest it be for a sn... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 34 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Take heed to thyself, lest thou make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land whither thou goest, lest it be for a snare in the midst of thee:

Exodus 34:12 · KJV


Context

10

And he said, Behold, I make a covenant: before all thy people I will do marvels, such as have not been done in all the earth, nor in any nation: and all the people among which thou art shall see the work of the LORD: for it is a terrible thing that I will do with thee.

11

Observe thou that which I command thee this day: behold, I drive out before thee the Amorite, and the Canaanite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Hivite, and the Jebusite.

12

Take heed to thyself, lest thou make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land whither thou goest, lest it be for a snare in the midst of thee:

13

But ye shall destroy their altars, break their images, and cut down their groves: images: Heb. statues

14

For thou shalt worship no other god: for the LORD, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
God warns against making covenants (בְּרִית, berit) with Canaan's inhabitants, calling such alliances a 'snare' (מוֹקֵשׁ, moqesh—a hunter's trap). Covenant with God demands exclusive loyalty; political/religious treaties with idolatrous nations would inevitably lead to syncretism. This principle applies to believers today regarding 'unequal yokes' (2 Cor 6:14-18).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern treaties often included religious elements, requiring recognition of each party's gods. Israel's covenant with YHWH precluded such arrangements.

Reflection Questions

  1. What modern 'covenants' or alliances might compromise your exclusive loyalty to God?
  2. How can you maintain cultural engagement without religious compromise?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 15 words
הִשָּׁ֣מֶר1 of 15

Take heed

H8104

properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc

לְךָ֗2 of 15
H0
פֶּן3 of 15
H6435

properly, removal; used only (in the construction) adverb as conjunction, lest

תִּכְרֹ֤ת4 of 15

to thyself lest thou make

H3772

to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant (i.e., make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutt

בְּרִית֙5 of 15

a covenant

H1285

a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)

לְיוֹשֵׁ֣ב6 of 15

with the inhabitants

H3427

properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry

הָאָ֔רֶץ7 of 15

of the land

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

אֲשֶׁ֥ר8 of 15
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

אַתָּ֖ה9 of 15
H859

thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you

בָּ֣א10 of 15

whither thou goest

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

עָלֶ֑יהָ11 of 15
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

פֶּן12 of 15
H6435

properly, removal; used only (in the construction) adverb as conjunction, lest

יִֽהְיֶ֥ה13 of 15
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

לְמוֹקֵ֖שׁ14 of 15

lest it be for a snare

H4170

a noose (for catching animals) (literally or figuratively); by implication, a hook (for the nose)

בְּקִרְבֶּֽךָ׃15 of 15

in the midst

H7130

properly, the nearest part, i.e., the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with preposition)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 34:12 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 34:12 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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