King James Version

What Does Exodus 21:32 Mean?

Exodus 21:32 in the King James Version says “If the ox shall push a manservant or a maidservant; he shall give unto their master thirty shekels of silver, and the ox... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

If the ox shall push a manservant or a maidservant; he shall give unto their master thirty shekels of silver, and the ox shall be stoned.

Exodus 21:32 · KJV


Context

30

If there be laid on him a sum of money, then he shall give for the ransom of his life whatsoever is laid upon him.

31

Whether he have gored a son, or have gored a daughter, according to this judgment shall it be done unto him.

32

If the ox shall push a manservant or a maidservant; he shall give unto their master thirty shekels of silver, and the ox shall be stoned.

33

And if a man shall open a pit, or if a man shall dig a pit, and not cover it, and an ox or an ass fall therein;

34

The owner of the pit shall make it good, and give money unto the owner of them; and the dead beast shall be his.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
If the ox shall push a manservant or a maidservant; he shall give unto their master thirty shekels of silver, and the ox shall be stoned.

The 'thirty shekels of silver' (שְׁלֹשִׁים שֶׁקֶל כֶּסֶף, sheloshim sheqel kesef) is the compensation for a slave's life—the exact price Judas received for betraying Christ (Matthew 26:15, Zechariah 11:12-13). Jesus' betrayal price fulfilled this prophetic shadow—He was valued as a slave, though He is Lord. The ox is stoned (capital punishment) even for killing a servant—showing animals that kill humans forfeit life (Genesis 9:5-6). Human life, even servant life, has infinite value. Judas's thirty pieces of silver mock Christ's worth—the priceless One sold for slave-price.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Thirty shekels was significant but not enormous—roughly four months' wages. Zechariah 11:12-13 uses this amount sarcastically ('a handsome price!') to show Israel's contempt. Judas's betrayal for this sum fulfills prophetic typology.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the thirty shekels for a slave's life connect to Christ's betrayal price?
  2. What does stoning an ox for killing even a servant teach about human life's value?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
אִם1 of 13
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

עֶ֛בֶד2 of 13

a manservant

H5650

a servant

יִגַּ֥ח3 of 13

shall push

H5055

to butt with the horns; figuratively, to war against

וְהַשּׁ֖וֹר4 of 13

If the ox

H7794

a bullock (as a traveller)

א֣וֹ5 of 13
H176

desire (and so probably in proverbs 31:4); hence (by way of alternative) or, also if

אָמָ֑ה6 of 13

or a maidservant

H519

a maid-servant or female slave

כֶּ֣סֶף׀7 of 13

of silver

H3701

silver (from its pale color); by implication, money

שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים8 of 13

thirty

H7970

thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth

שְׁקָלִ֗ים9 of 13

shekels

H8255

probably a weight; used as a commercial standard

יִתֵּן֙10 of 13

he shall give

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

לַֽאדֹנָ֔יו11 of 13

unto their master

H113

sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)

וְהַשּׁ֖וֹר12 of 13

If the ox

H7794

a bullock (as a traveller)

יִסָּקֵֽל׃13 of 13

shall be stoned

H5619

properly, to be weighty; but used only in the sense of lapidation or its contrary (as if a delapidation)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 21:32 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 21:32 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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