King James Version

What Does Exodus 21:30 Mean?

Exodus 21:30 in the King James Version says “If there be laid on him a sum of money, then he shall give for the ransom of his life whatsoever is laid upon him. — study this verse from Exodus chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

If there be laid on him a sum of money, then he shall give for the ransom of his life whatsoever is laid upon him.

Exodus 21:30 · KJV


Context

28

If an ox gore a man or a woman, that they die: then the ox shall be surely stoned, and his flesh shall not be eaten; but the owner of the ox shall be quit.

29

But if the ox were wont to push with his horn in time past , and it hath been testified to his owner, and he hath not kept him in, but that he hath killed a man or a woman; the ox shall be stoned, and his owner also shall be put to death.

30

If there be laid on him a sum of money, then he shall give for the ransom of his life whatsoever is laid upon him.

31

Whether he have gored a son, or have gored a daughter, according to this judgment shall it be done unto him.

32

If the ox shall push a manservant or a maidservant; he shall give unto their master thirty shekels of silver, and the ox shall be stoned.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
If there be laid on him a sum of money, then he shall give for the ransom of his life whatsoever is laid upon him.

This judgment (mishpat) from the Book of the Covenant applies moral law to civil society. God's justice is comprehensive—addressing economic disputes, family relations, and community welfare. The case laws teach covenant people how to love God and neighbor practically. Through detailed ordinances, God shapes Israel as holy nation, distinct from pagan neighbors. These laws reveal God's character: just, merciful, concerned with details of everyday life.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The Book of the Covenant (Exodus 20:22-23:33) is Israel's foundational legal code, predating later expansions in Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. It addresses civil, criminal, and ceremonial matters.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this law reveal God's character—His justice, mercy, or holiness?
  2. What New Testament principles build upon or fulfill this Old Testament regulation?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
אִם1 of 11
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

כֹּ֖פֶר2 of 11

on him a sum of money

H3724

properly, a cover, i.e., (literally) a village (as covered in)

יוּשַׁ֖ת3 of 11

If there be laid

H7896

to place (in a very wide application)

עָלָ֑יו4 of 11
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

וְנָתַן֙5 of 11

then he shall give

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

פִּדְיֹ֣ן6 of 11

for the ransom

H6306

a ransom

נַפְשׁ֔וֹ7 of 11

of his life

H5315

properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

כְּכֹ֥ל8 of 11
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

אֲשֶׁר9 of 11
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

יוּשַׁ֖ת10 of 11

If there be laid

H7896

to place (in a very wide application)

עָלָֽיו׃11 of 11
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 21:30 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 21:30 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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