King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 15:5 Mean?

Deuteronomy 15:5 in the King James Version says “Only if thou carefully hearken unto the voice of the LORD thy God, to observe to do all these commandments which I comma... — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 15 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Only if thou carefully hearken unto the voice of the LORD thy God, to observe to do all these commandments which I command thee this day.

Deuteronomy 15:5 · KJV


Context

3

Of a foreigner thou mayest exact it again: but that which is thine with thy brother thine hand shall release;

4

Save when there shall be no poor among you; for the LORD shall greatly bless thee in the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance to possess it: Save: or, To the end that there be no poor among you

5

Only if thou carefully hearken unto the voice of the LORD thy God, to observe to do all these commandments which I command thee this day.

6

For the LORD thy God blesseth thee, as he promised thee: and thou shalt lend unto many nations, but thou shalt not borrow; and thou shalt reign over many nations, but they shall not reign over thee.

7

If there be among you a poor man of one of thy brethren within any of thy gates in thy land which the LORD thy God giveth thee, thou shalt not harden thine heart, nor shut thine hand from thy poor brother:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Only if thou carefully hearken unto the voice of the LORD thy God, to observe to do all these commandments which I command thee this day. The promise of comprehensive blessing is conditional - only if Israel carefully obeys God's commands. Prosperity flows from faithfulness; poverty results from disobedience.

The emphasis carefully hearken demands attentive listening with intent to obey. Mere hearing is insufficient; active obedience to God's voice is required. This connects hearing and doing, faith and works - genuine faith manifests in obedient action.

The phrase all these commandments prohibits selective obedience. Israel could not choose to observe Sabbath while ignoring sabbatical release, or honor ceremonial laws while neglecting social justice. God demands comprehensive obedience to the entire covenant package.

This principle pervades Scripture - blessing follows obedience (Deuteronomy 28). While salvation comes by grace through faith, not by works, sanctification and temporal blessing have organic connection to obedience. God's moral order links righteousness and flourishing.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Israel's history demonstrated this principle repeatedly. Periods of covenant faithfulness brought blessing; apostasy and disobedience brought judgment. The Deuteronomic history (Joshua through Kings) chronicles this pattern.

The prophets condemned Israel's selective obedience - maintaining ritual worship while oppressing the poor. God demanded comprehensive righteousness encompassing both ceremonial and social dimensions.

Reflection Questions

  1. What is the relationship between obedience and blessing in God's covenant?
  2. How does careful hearing differ from mere listening?
  3. Why does God require comprehensive obedience rather than selective compliance with preferred commands?
  4. How do we reconcile salvation by grace with the principle that obedience brings blessing?
  5. What does Israel's history teach about the consequences of partial or selective obedience?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 17 words
רַ֚ק1 of 17
H7535

properly, leanness, i.e., (figuratively) limitation; only adverbial, merely, or conjunctional, although

אִם2 of 17
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

תִּשְׁמַ֔ע3 of 17

Only if thou carefully

H8085

to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

תִּשְׁמַ֔ע4 of 17

Only if thou carefully

H8085

to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

בְּק֖וֹל5 of 17

unto the voice

H6963

a voice or sound

יְהוָ֣ה6 of 17

of the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ7 of 17

thy God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

לִשְׁמֹ֤ר8 of 17

to observe

H8104

properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc

לַֽעֲשׂוֹת֙9 of 17

to do

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

אֶת10 of 17
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

כָּל11 of 17
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הַמִּצְוָ֣ה12 of 17

all these commandments

H4687

a command, whether human or divine (collectively, the law)

הַזֹּ֔את13 of 17
H2063

this (often used adverb)

אֲשֶׁ֛ר14 of 17
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

אָֽנֹכִ֥י15 of 17
H595

i

מְצַוְּךָ֖16 of 17

which I command

H6680

(intensively) to constitute, enjoin

הַיּֽוֹם׃17 of 17

thee this day

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 15:5 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 15:5 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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