King James Version

What Does Acts 4:1 Mean?

Acts 4:1 in the King James Version says “And as they spake unto the people, the priests, and the captain of the temple, and the Sadducees, came upon them, captai... — study this verse from Acts chapter 4 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And as they spake unto the people, the priests, and the captain of the temple, and the Sadducees, came upon them, captain: or, ruler

Acts 4:1 · KJV


Context

1

And as they spake unto the people, the priests, and the captain of the temple, and the Sadducees, came upon them, captain: or, ruler

2

Being grieved that they taught the people, and preached through Jesus the resurrection from the dead.

3

And they laid hands on them, and put them in hold unto the next day: for it was now eventide.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The arrival of 'priests and the captain of the temple and the Sadducees' signals organized religious opposition to gospel preaching. The Greek 'stratēgos' (captain) commanded temple police with authority to arrest. This triadic opposition - priestly aristocracy, temple security, and Sadducean theology - represents comprehensive establishment resistance. That they 'came upon them' (Greek 'epestēsan') suggests aggressive intervention, not mere inquiry, foreshadowing persecution's escalation.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The temple captain (Sagan) ranked second only to the high priest in temple hierarchy. Sadducees controlled temple operations and high priesthood through Roman favor. Their denial of resurrection (Acts 23:8) made apostolic preaching especially threatening - validating resurrection undermined their theological system.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does religious establishment opposition to the gospel continue in various forms today?
  2. What does the Sadducees' theological denial of resurrection teach about doctrine's practical consequences?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 18 words
Λαλούντων1 of 18

as they spake

G2980

to talk, i.e., utter words

δὲ2 of 18

And

G1161

but, and, etc

αὐτοῖς3 of 18

them

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

πρὸς4 of 18

unto

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

τὸν5 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

λαὸν6 of 18

the people

G2992

a people (in general; thus differing from g1218, which denotes one's own populace)

ἐπέστησαν7 of 18

came upon

G2186

to stand upon, i.e., be present (in various applications, friendly or otherwise, usually literal)

αὐτοῖς8 of 18

them

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

οἱ9 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἱερεῖς10 of 18

the priests

G2409

a priest (literally or figuratively)

καὶ11 of 18

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

12 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

στρατηγὸς13 of 18

the captain

G4755

a general, i.e., (by implication or analogy) a (military) governor (praetor), the chief (praefect) of the (levitical) temple-wardens

τοῦ14 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἱεροῦ15 of 18

of the temple

G2411

a sacred place, i.e., the entire precincts (whereas g3485 denotes the central sanctuary itself) of the temple (at jerusalem or elsewhere)

καὶ16 of 18

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

οἱ17 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Σαδδουκαῖοι18 of 18

the Sadducees

G4523

a sadducaean (i.e., tsadokian), or follower of a certain heretical israelite


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Acts. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Acts 4:1 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Acts 4:1 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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