About Jeremiah

Jeremiah warned Judah of coming judgment for 40 years, yet proclaimed the hope of a new covenant.

Author: JeremiahWritten: c. 627-580 BCReading time: ~4 minVerses: 28
JudgmentNew CovenantRepentanceSufferingFaithfulnessHope

King James Version

Jeremiah 38

28 verses with commentary

Jeremiah in the Cistern

Then Shephatiah the son of Mattan, and Gedaliah the son of Pashur, and Jucal the son of Shelemiah, and Pashur the son of Malchiah, heard the words that Jeremiah had spoken unto all the people, saying,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then Shephatiah the son of Mattan, and Gedaliah the son of Pashur, and Jucal the son of Shelemiah, and Pashur the son of Malchiah, heard the words that Jeremiah had spoken unto all the people, saying,</strong> This verse introduces the hostile officials who would orchestrate Jeremiah's persecution. The careful genealogical identification establishes these men as prominent figures in Zedeki...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

XXXVIII. (1) **Then Shephatiah the son of Mattan . . .**—Of the four princes of Judah who are named here, Jucal or Jehucal has been mentioned in Jeremiah 37:3, and would appear, from the frequent occurrence of the name Shelomiah in 1Chronicles 26:1-2; 1Chronicles 26:9; 1Chronicles 26:14, to have been a Levite; Pashur is named in Jeremiah 21:1. Of the other two nothing is known, but the name Shepha...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**30. Reprobate--**silver so full of alloy as to be utterly worthless (Is 1:22). The Jews were fit only for rejection.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 38 Hezekiah's sickness and recovery. (Is. 38:1-8) His thanksgiving. (Is. 38:9-22) **Verses 1-8** When we pray in our sickness, though God send not to us such an answer as he here sent to Hezekiah, yet, if by his Spirit he bids us be of good cheer, assures us that our sins are forgiven, and that, whether we live or die, we shall be his, we do not pray in vain. See II Kin. 20:1-11.

Thus saith the LORD, He that remaineth in this city shall die by the sword, by the famine, and by the pestilence: but he that goeth forth to the Chaldeans shall live; for he shall have his life for a prey, and shall live .

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Thus saith the LORD, He that remaineth in this city shall die by the sword, by the famine, and by the pestilence: but he that goeth forth to the Chaldeans shall live; for he shall have his life for a prey, and shall live.</strong> This prophetic oracle exemplifies Jeremiah's consistent message during Jerusalem's final siege: surrender brings survival; resistance brings death. The threefold...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(2) **Thus saith the Lord.**—The words carry us back to Jeremiah 21:9, and in any chronological arrangement of the book the one chapter would follow the other. It is obvious that to all who did not recognise the divine mission of the prophet, words like those which he had then spoken would seem to come from the lips of a traitor. Desertion to the enemy was represented as the only way of safety, an...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 38 Hezekiah's sickness and recovery. (Is. 38:1-8) His thanksgiving. (Is. 38:9-22) **Verses 1-8** When we pray in our sickness, though God send not to us such an answer as he here sent to Hezekiah, yet, if by his Spirit he bids us be of good cheer, assures us that our sins are forgiven, and that, whether we live or die, we shall be his, we do not pray in vain. See II Kin. 20:1-11.

Thus saith the LORD, This city shall surely be given into the hand of the king of Babylon's army, which shall take it.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>This city shall surely be given into the hand of the king of Babylon's army, which shall take it</strong> (נָתוֹן תִּנָּתֵן הָעִיר הַזֹּאת בְּיַד־חֵיל מֶלֶךְ־בָּבֶל)—The emphatic Hebrew construction <em>naton tinnaten</em> (infinitive absolute with finite verb) intensifies the certainty: Jerusalem <em>will surely, certainly, inevitably</em> be given over. This was not defeatism or treason ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 38 Hezekiah's sickness and recovery. (Is. 38:1-8) His thanksgiving. (Is. 38:9-22) **Verses 1-8** When we pray in our sickness, though God send not to us such an answer as he here sent to Hezekiah, yet, if by his Spirit he bids us be of good cheer, assures us that our sins are forgiven, and that, whether we live or die, we shall be his, we do not pray in vain. See II Kin. 20:1-11.

Therefore the princes said unto the king, We beseech thee, let this man be put to death: for thus he weakeneth the hands of the men of war that remain in this city, and the hands of all the people, in speaking such words unto them: for this man seeketh not the welfare of this people, but the hurt. welfare: Heb. peace

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KJV Study Commentary

The officials' accusation that Jeremiah 'weakeneth the hands' of soldiers and people charges him with treason. From their perspective, prophesying surrender undermines morale and national defense. Yet Jeremiah seeks the people's welfare (shalom) by calling them to submit to God's will rather than resist it. Sometimes God's welfare differs from worldly prosperity. Truth-telling may appear to harm t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(4) **Let this man be put to death.**—The hatred of the princes of Judah becomes more bitter than ever, and they seek to overcome the king’s lingering reverence for the prophet. In the reign of Jehoiakim they had said that he was worthy of death (Jeremiah 26:11). Within the last few weeks he had been thrown into a loathsome dungeon, from which the king had but just delivered him. Now they press fo...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 7 Jr 7:1-34. The Seventh through Ninth Chapters. Delivered in the Beginning of Jehoiakim's Reign, on the Occasion of Some Public Festival. The prophet stood at the gate of the temple in order that the multitudes from the country might hear him. His life was threatened, it appears from Jr 26:1-9, for this prophecy, denouncing the fate of Shiloh as about to befall the temple at Jerusalem. ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 38 Hezekiah's sickness and recovery. (Is. 38:1-8) His thanksgiving. (Is. 38:9-22) **Verses 1-8** When we pray in our sickness, though God send not to us such an answer as he here sent to Hezekiah, yet, if by his Spirit he bids us be of good cheer, assures us that our sins are forgiven, and that, whether we live or die, we shall be his, we do not pray in vain. See II Kin. 20:1-11.

Then Zedekiah the king said, Behold, he is in your hand: for the king is not he that can do any thing against you.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Behold, he is in your hand</strong>—Zedekiah's abdication of responsibility echoes Pilate washing his hands (Matthew 27:24). The king surrenders his prophet to the princes' murderous intent, claiming powerlessness: <strong>for the king is not he that can do any thing against you</strong>. This is political cowardice masquerading as constitutional constraint.<br><br>The phrase reveals Zedek...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**3. cause you to dwell--**permit you still to dwell (Jr 18:11; 26:13).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 38 Hezekiah's sickness and recovery. (Is. 38:1-8) His thanksgiving. (Is. 38:9-22) **Verses 1-8** When we pray in our sickness, though God send not to us such an answer as he here sent to Hezekiah, yet, if by his Spirit he bids us be of good cheer, assures us that our sins are forgiven, and that, whether we live or die, we shall be his, we do not pray in vain. See II Kin. 20:1-11.

Then took they Jeremiah, and cast him into the dungeon of Malchiah the son of Hammelech, that was in the court of the prison: and they let down Jeremiah with cords. And in the dungeon there was no water, but mire: so Jeremiah sunk in the mire. of Hammelech: or, of the king

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KJV Study Commentary

The princes cast Jeremiah into a muddy cistern where 'he sank in the mire.' This attempted murder through exposure and slow death shows the depths of opposition to God's word. Yet God preserves His prophet through Ebed-melech's intervention (38:7-13). Faithful witnesses often face death threats, but God's purposes prevail. The cistern foreshadows Christ's burial and resurrection.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(6) **The dungeon of Malchiah the son of Hammelech.**—Literally, *the pit, *or *cistern. *The LXX. agrees with the marginal reading in describing him as “a son of the king.” The same phrase is so translated in 1Kings 22:26; 2Chronicles 28:7, and would seem to have been an official or court title, applied to one of the royal house, as distinguished from. others. (See Note on Jerahmeel in Jeremiah 3...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

4. The Jews falsely thought that because their temple had been chosen by Jehovah as His peculiar dwelling, it could never be destroyed. Men think that ceremonial observances will supersede the need of holiness (Is 48:2; Mi 3:11). The triple repetition of "the temple of Jehovah" expresses the intense confidence of the Jews (see Jr 22:29; Is 6:3). **these--**the temple buildings which the prophet ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 38 Hezekiah's sickness and recovery. (Is. 38:1-8) His thanksgiving. (Is. 38:9-22) **Verses 1-8** When we pray in our sickness, though God send not to us such an answer as he here sent to Hezekiah, yet, if by his Spirit he bids us be of good cheer, assures us that our sins are forgiven, and that, whether we live or die, we shall be his, we do not pray in vain. See II Kin. 20:1-11.

Now when Ebedmelech the Ethiopian, one of the eunuchs which was in the king's house, heard that they had put Jeremiah in the dungeon; the king then sitting in the gate of Benjamin;

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Now when Ebed-melech the Ethiopian, one of the eunuchs which was in the king's house, heard that they had put Jeremiah in the dungeon; the king then sitting in the gate of Benjamin;</strong> The introduction of Ebed-melech ("servant of the king" in Hebrew) provides a stunning contrast to the Jewish officials who persecuted Jeremiah. This Ethiopian eunuch, a double outsider (foreign and phy...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(7) **Bbed-melech the Ethiopian.—**The name signifies “servant of the king,” but the absence of the article in the Hebrew makes it probable that it had come to be used as a proper name, and so both the LXX. and Vulgate take it. The use of Ethiopian or Cushite slaves in the king’s household, probably as keeping guard over the harem, had been of some standing; perhaps even as early as the time of Da...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**5. For--**"But" [Maurer]. **judgment--**justice (Jr 22:3).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 38 Hezekiah's sickness and recovery. (Is. 38:1-8) His thanksgiving. (Is. 38:9-22) **Verses 1-8** When we pray in our sickness, though God send not to us such an answer as he here sent to Hezekiah, yet, if by his Spirit he bids us be of good cheer, assures us that our sins are forgiven, and that, whether we live or die, we shall be his, we do not pray in vain. See II Kin. 20:1-11.

Ebedmelech went forth out of the king's house, and spake to the king, saying,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Ebed-melech went forth out of the king's house, and spake to the king</strong>—This Ethiopian eunuch's name means 'servant of the king,' yet he proved more courageous than the king himself. As a foreigner and servant, Ebed-melech risked everything to speak truth to power and rescue God's prophet. His intervention demonstrates that true faith transcends ethnicity and status—a Cushite slave ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**6. this place--**this city and land (Jr 7:7). **to your hurt--**so Jr 7:19; "to the confusion or their own faces" (Jr 13:10; Pr 8:36).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 38 Hezekiah's sickness and recovery. (Is. 38:1-8) His thanksgiving. (Is. 38:9-22) **Verses 1-8** When we pray in our sickness, though God send not to us such an answer as he here sent to Hezekiah, yet, if by his Spirit he bids us be of good cheer, assures us that our sins are forgiven, and that, whether we live or die, we shall be his, we do not pray in vain. See II Kin. 20:1-11.

My lord the king, these men have done evil in all that they have done to Jeremiah the prophet, whom they have cast into the dungeon; and he is like to die for hunger in the place where he is: for there is no more bread in the city. he is like: Heb. he will die

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>My lord the king, these men have done evil in all that they have done to Jeremiah the prophet, whom they have cast into the dungeon; and he is like to die for hunger in the place where he is: for there is no more bread in the city.</strong> Ebed-melech's appeal demonstrates remarkable moral clarity and rhetorical skill. He directly accuses the officials of evil (<em>here'u</em>), using str...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(9) **These men have done evil. . . .**—It is noticeable that some MSS. of the LXX., following apparently a different text, represent the Eunuch as assuming that the king himself had given the order, “Thou hast done evil in all that thou hast done.” **He is like to die for hunger.**—Literally, *and he dies** . . .*** painting vividly what would be the certain issue if no help were sent. It lies in...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

7. The apodosis to the "if ... if" (Jr 7:5, 6). **to dwell--**to continue to dwell. **for ever and ever--**joined with "to dwell," not with the words "gave to your fathers" (compare Jr 3:18; De 4:40).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 9-22** We have here Hezekiah's thanksgiving. It is well for us to remember the mercies we receive in sickness. Hezekiah records the condition he was in. He dwells upon this; I shall no more see the Lord. A good man wishes not to live for any other end than that he may serve God, and have communion with him. Our present residence is like that of a shepherd in his hut, a poor, mean, and col...
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Then the king commanded Ebedmelech the Ethiopian, saying, Take from hence thirty men with thee, and take up Jeremiah the prophet out of the dungeon, before he die. with thee: Heb. in thine hand

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then the king commanded Ebed-melech the Ethiopian, saying, Take from hence thirty men with thee, and take up Jeremiah the prophet out of the dungeon, before he die.</strong> Zedekiah's response reveals both his moral better nature and his political weakness. He grants permission for rescue but requires Ebed-melech to organize it—the king initiates nothing himself. The command to take "thir...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(10) **Take from hence thirty men.**—The number seems a large one for the purpose, especially when we consider that the men were sent from a post from which they could ill be spared, but the king may have wished to guard against resistance on the part of the princes. Hitzig, however, conjectures that “three men” was the original reading of the Hebrew text.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**8. that cannot profit--**Maurer translates, "so that you profit nothing" (see Jr 7:4; Jr 5:31).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 9-22** We have here Hezekiah's thanksgiving. It is well for us to remember the mercies we receive in sickness. Hezekiah records the condition he was in. He dwells upon this; I shall no more see the Lord. A good man wishes not to live for any other end than that he may serve God, and have communion with him. Our present residence is like that of a shepherd in his hut, a poor, mean, and col...
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So Ebedmelech took the men with him, and went into the house of the king under the treasury, and took thence old cast clouts and old rotten rags, and let them down by cords into the dungeon to Jeremiah.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Ebed-melech took the men with him, and went into the house of the king under the treasury, and took thence old cast clouts and old rotten rags</strong>—The practical compassion displayed here is remarkable. Ebed-melech didn't merely order Jeremiah's rescue; he personally supervised it and thoughtfully gathered 'old cast clouts and old rotten rags' (בְּלוֹאֵי הַסְּחָבוֹת וּבְלוֹאֵי הַמְּלָח...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(11) **Under the treasury . . .**—This was obviously what we should call the “lumber-room” of the palace. Nothing could show the acuteness of the prophet’s sufferings more vividly than the precautions which the thoughtful kindness of the Eunuch thus suggested. The pit was so deep that ropes were needed to draw him up, as they had been to let him down, and lest they should cut into the flesh of Jer...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

9-10. "Will ye steal ... and then come and stand before Me?" **whom ye know not--**Ye have no grounds of "knowing" that they are gods; but I have manifested My Godhead by My law, by benefits conferred, and by miracles. This aggravates their crime [Calvin] (Jud 5:8).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 9-22** We have here Hezekiah's thanksgiving. It is well for us to remember the mercies we receive in sickness. Hezekiah records the condition he was in. He dwells upon this; I shall no more see the Lord. A good man wishes not to live for any other end than that he may serve God, and have communion with him. Our present residence is like that of a shepherd in his hut, a poor, mean, and col...
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And Ebedmelech the Ethiopian said unto Jeremiah, Put now these old cast clouts and rotten rags under thine armholes under the cords. And Jeremiah did so.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Ebed-melech the Ethiopian said unto Jeremiah, Put now these old cast clouts and rotten rags under thine armholes under the cords</strong>—The specific instruction reveals Ebed-melech's practical wisdom and empathy. He anticipated that pulling an emaciated man from a muddy pit with ropes would cause excruciating pain and injury without padding. The 'armholes' (אַצִּילֵי יָדֶיךָ, <em>atsile ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

9-10. "Will ye steal ... and then come and stand before Me?" **whom ye know not--**Ye have no grounds of "knowing" that they are gods; but I have manifested My Godhead by My law, by benefits conferred, and by miracles. This aggravates their crime [Calvin] (Jud 5:8).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 9-22** We have here Hezekiah's thanksgiving. It is well for us to remember the mercies we receive in sickness. Hezekiah records the condition he was in. He dwells upon this; I shall no more see the Lord. A good man wishes not to live for any other end than that he may serve God, and have communion with him. Our present residence is like that of a shepherd in his hut, a poor, mean, and col...
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So they drew up Jeremiah with cords, and took him up out of the dungeon: and Jeremiah remained in the court of the prison.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>So they drew up Jeremiah with cords, and took him up out of the dungeon</strong> (וַיִּמְשְׁכוּ אֶת־יִרְמְיָהוּ בַּחֲבָלִים וַיַּעֲלוּ אֹתוֹ מִן־הַבּוֹר)—The verb <em>mashak</em> (מָשַׁךְ) means to draw, pull, or drag, emphasizing the physical effort required to extract a man from a deep pit. This successful rescue fulfilled God's protective purpose for His prophet, preserving Jeremiah to ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**11. den of robbers--**Do you regard My temple as being what robbers make their den, namely, an asylum wherein ye may obtain impunity for your abominations (Jr 7:10)? **seen it--**namely, that ye treat My house as if it were a den of thieves. Jehovah implies more than is expressed, "I have seen and will punish it" (Is 56:7; Mt 21:13).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 9-22** We have here Hezekiah's thanksgiving. It is well for us to remember the mercies we receive in sickness. Hezekiah records the condition he was in. He dwells upon this; I shall no more see the Lord. A good man wishes not to live for any other end than that he may serve God, and have communion with him. Our present residence is like that of a shepherd in his hut, a poor, mean, and col...
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Then Zedekiah the king sent, and took Jeremiah the prophet unto him into the third entry that is in the house of the LORD: and the king said unto Jeremiah, I will ask thee a thing; hide nothing from me. third: or, principal

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then Zedekiah the king sent, and took Jeremiah the prophet unto him into the third entry that is in the house of the LORD</strong>—After allowing his princes to murder Jeremiah in the cistern, then permitting Ebed-melech's rescue, the vacillating king now summons the prophet secretly to seek God's counsel. The 'third entry' (הַמָּבוֹא הַשְּׁלִישִׁי, <em>hamavo hashelishi</em>) was likely a...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(14) **The third entry that is in the house of the Lord.**—In 2Kings 16:18 we read of” the king’s entry without,” an outside entrance, and of “a covert,” or covered gallery, both leading from the palace to the Temple. The passage now mentioned (the name does not occur elsewhere) was probably distinct from both these, leading from the lower city, and may therefore have been chosen by Zedekiah as a ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**12. my place ... in Shiloh--**God caused His tabernacle to be set up in Shiloh in Joshua's days (Jos 18:1; Jud 18:31). In Eli's time God gave the ark, which had been at Shiloh, into the hands of the Philistines (Jr 26:6; 1Sa 4:10, 11; Psa 78:56-61). Shiloh was situated between Beth-el and Shechem in Ephraim. **at the first--**implying that Shiloh exceeded the Jewish temple in antiquity. But Go...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 9-22** We have here Hezekiah's thanksgiving. It is well for us to remember the mercies we receive in sickness. Hezekiah records the condition he was in. He dwells upon this; I shall no more see the Lord. A good man wishes not to live for any other end than that he may serve God, and have communion with him. Our present residence is like that of a shepherd in his hut, a poor, mean, and col...
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Then Jeremiah said unto Zedekiah, If I declare it unto thee, wilt thou not surely put me to death? and if I give thee counsel, wilt thou not hearken unto me?

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>If I declare it unto thee, wilt thou not surely put me to death?</strong> Jeremiah's opening question reveals the prophet's precarious position. The Hebrew verb <em>nagad</em> (נָגַד, "to declare/tell") carries the sense of making something openly known. Jeremiah had already proclaimed God's judgment requiring surrender to Babylon—a message so politically inflammatory that it had landed hi...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(15) **Wilt thou not surely put me to death?**—The prophet obviously speaks as if he believed the king to have sanctioned the severe measures that had been taken against him, and having no other “word of the Lord” to speak than that which he had spoken before, fears to provoke his wrath. The latter part of the sentence is better taken with the LXX., Vulg., and Luther, “*thou wilt not hearken unto ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**13. rising ... early--**implying unwearied earnestness in soliciting them (Jr 7:25; Jr 11:17; 2Ch 36:15).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 9-22** We have here Hezekiah's thanksgiving. It is well for us to remember the mercies we receive in sickness. Hezekiah records the condition he was in. He dwells upon this; I shall no more see the Lord. A good man wishes not to live for any other end than that he may serve God, and have communion with him. Our present residence is like that of a shepherd in his hut, a poor, mean, and col...
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So Zedekiah the king sware secretly unto Jeremiah, saying, As the LORD liveth, that made us this soul, I will not put thee to death, neither will I give thee into the hand of these men that seek thy life.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>So Zedekiah the king sware secretly</strong> (נִשְׁבַּע בַּסֵּתֶר)—The king took an oath <em>secretly</em>, revealing his moral cowardice. He feared his own officials more than God, so he met Jeremiah in private rather than publicly honoring God's prophet. The verb <em>shaba</em> (שָׁבַע, "to swear") invokes the most solemn form of commitment in Hebrew culture.<br><br><strong>As the LORD l...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(16) **As the Lord liveth, that made us this soul.**—The formula of the oath was obviously intended to be one of unusual solemnity; more so even than the simpler form of “The Lord liveth” (Jeremiah 16:14-15). The king swears by Jehovah as the living God, author and giver of his own life. The two-fold promise shows that the king felt the implied reproof of Jeremiah’s question. He separates himself ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**14. I gave--**and I therefore can revoke the gift for it is still Mine (Le 25:23), now that ye fail in the only object for which it was given, the promotion of My glory. **Shiloh--**as I ceased to dwell there, transferring My temple to Jerusalem; so I will cease to dwell at Jerusalem.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 9-22** We have here Hezekiah's thanksgiving. It is well for us to remember the mercies we receive in sickness. Hezekiah records the condition he was in. He dwells upon this; I shall no more see the Lord. A good man wishes not to live for any other end than that he may serve God, and have communion with him. Our present residence is like that of a shepherd in his hut, a poor, mean, and col...
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Then said Jeremiah unto Zedekiah, Thus saith the LORD, the God of hosts, the God of Israel; If thou wilt assuredly go forth unto the king of Babylon's princes, then thy soul shall live, and this city shall not be burned with fire; and thou shalt live, and thine house:

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>If thou wilt assuredly go forth</strong> (יָצֹא תֵּצֵא)—The emphatic Hebrew construction (infinitive absolute + verb) stresses the certainty and necessity of surrender. God demanded complete submission to Nebuchadnezzar's princes as the instrument of His judgment. This was not political advice but prophetic command—refusing meant defying God Himself.<br><br><strong>Then thy soul shall live...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(17) **If thou wilt assuredly go forth.**—Literally, *If going thou wilt go, *the Hebrew idiom of emphasis. The prophet places before the king the alternative of surrender and safety, resistance and destruction, and leaves him to make his choice. The princes of the king of Babylon were those in command of the army by which Jerusalem was invested. The king himself was at Riblah, on the Orontes, in ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**15. your brethren--**children of Abraham, as much as you. **whole seed of Ephraim--**They were superior to you in numbers and power: they were ten tribes: ye but two. "Ephraim," as the leading tribe, stands for the whole ten tribes (2Ki 17:23; Psa 78:67, 68).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 9-22** We have here Hezekiah's thanksgiving. It is well for us to remember the mercies we receive in sickness. Hezekiah records the condition he was in. He dwells upon this; I shall no more see the Lord. A good man wishes not to live for any other end than that he may serve God, and have communion with him. Our present residence is like that of a shepherd in his hut, a poor, mean, and col...
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But if thou wilt not go forth to the king of Babylon's princes, then shall this city be given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they shall burn it with fire, and thou shalt not escape out of their hand.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>But if thou wilt not go forth</strong>—The conditional introduces the alternative future: disobedience guarantees destruction. God's word through Jeremiah presented Zedekiah with clear binary options, removing any middle ground or negotiated compromise. This reflects covenant theology: blessing follows obedience, curse follows rebellion (Deuteronomy 28).<br><br><strong>This city shall be g...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

16. When people are given up to judicial hardness of heart, intercessory prayer for them is unavailing (Jr 11:14; 14:11; 15:1; Ex 32:10; 1Jo 5:16).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 9-22** We have here Hezekiah's thanksgiving. It is well for us to remember the mercies we receive in sickness. Hezekiah records the condition he was in. He dwells upon this; I shall no more see the Lord. A good man wishes not to live for any other end than that he may serve God, and have communion with him. Our present residence is like that of a shepherd in his hut, a poor, mean, and col...
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And Zedekiah the king said unto Jeremiah, I am afraid of the Jews that are fallen to the Chaldeans, lest they deliver me into their hand, and they mock me.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>I am afraid of the Jews that are fallen to the Chaldeans</strong>—Zedekiah's confession reveals his character: he feared defectors' mockery more than God's judgment. The verb <em>yare</em> (יָרֵא, "to fear") shows misplaced reverence. He should have feared (<em>yare</em>) Yahweh (Proverbs 9:10), but instead he feared (<em>yare</em>) public humiliation.<br><br><strong>Lest they deliver me i...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(19) **I am afraid of the Jews . . .**—The special form of fear was characteristic of the weak and vacillating king. It was not enough to know that his life would be safe. Would he also be saved from the insults of his own subjects, who had already deserted to the enemy? These were, in the nature of the case, friends and followers of the prophet, and had acted on his advice (Jeremiah 21:9). The ki...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

17. Jehovah leaves it to Jeremiah himself to decide, is there not good reason that prayers should not be heard in behalf of such rebels?

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 9-22** We have here Hezekiah's thanksgiving. It is well for us to remember the mercies we receive in sickness. Hezekiah records the condition he was in. He dwells upon this; I shall no more see the Lord. A good man wishes not to live for any other end than that he may serve God, and have communion with him. Our present residence is like that of a shepherd in his hut, a poor, mean, and col...
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But Jeremiah said, They shall not deliver thee. Obey, I beseech thee, the voice of the LORD, which I speak unto thee: so it shall be well unto thee, and thy soul shall live.

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KJV Study Commentary

Jeremiah privately counsels Zedekiah to obey God's word for his own welfare and life. The condition is clear: obedience brings preservation, disobedience brings destruction. Zedekiah's problem wasn't lack of information but lack of faith to act on revealed truth. Many know God's will but fear consequences of obedience more than consequences of disobedience.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**18. children ... fathers ... women--**Not merely isolated individuals practised idolatry; young and old, men and women, and whole families, contributed their joint efforts to promote it. Oh, that there were the same zeal for the worship of God as there is for error (Jr 44:17, 19; 19:13)! **cakes ... queen of heaven--**Cakes were made of honey, fine flour, &amp;c., in a round flat shape to rese...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 9-22** We have here Hezekiah's thanksgiving. It is well for us to remember the mercies we receive in sickness. Hezekiah records the condition he was in. He dwells upon this; I shall no more see the Lord. A good man wishes not to live for any other end than that he may serve God, and have communion with him. Our present residence is like that of a shepherd in his hut, a poor, mean, and col...
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But if thou refuse to go forth, this is the word that the LORD hath shewed me:

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>But if thou refuse to go forth</strong>—The Hebrew <em>ma'en</em> (מָאֵן, "to refuse") indicates willful rejection, not mere hesitation. God's ultimatum left no middle ground. Zedekiah's "refusal" would be active rebellion against divine command, not passive indecision.<br><br><strong>This is the word that the LORD hath shewed me</strong>—The verb <em>ra'ah</em> (רָאָה, "to see/show") in t...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

19. Is it I that they provoke to anger? Is it not themselves? (De 32:16, 21; Job 35:6, 8; Pr 8:36).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 9-22** We have here Hezekiah's thanksgiving. It is well for us to remember the mercies we receive in sickness. Hezekiah records the condition he was in. He dwells upon this; I shall no more see the Lord. A good man wishes not to live for any other end than that he may serve God, and have communion with him. Our present residence is like that of a shepherd in his hut, a poor, mean, and col...
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And, behold, all the women that are left in the king of Judah's house shall be brought forth to the king of Babylon's princes, and those women shall say, Thy friends have set thee on, and have prevailed against thee: thy feet are sunk in the mire, and they are turned away back. Thy friends: Heb. Men of thy peace

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>All the women that are left in the king of Judah's house</strong>—These royal women (likely concubines and court ladies) would survive the conquest only to become spoils of war, led to Babylonian princes. Their prophesied taunt song demonstrates the complete reversal of Zedekiah's fortunes: even his own household would mock his foolish choices.<br><br><strong>Thy friends have set thee on, ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**20. beast ... trees ... ground--**Why doth God vent His fury on these? On account of man, for whom these were created, that the sad spectacle may strike terror into him (Ro 8:20-22).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 9-22** We have here Hezekiah's thanksgiving. It is well for us to remember the mercies we receive in sickness. Hezekiah records the condition he was in. He dwells upon this; I shall no more see the Lord. A good man wishes not to live for any other end than that he may serve God, and have communion with him. Our present residence is like that of a shepherd in his hut, a poor, mean, and col...
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So they shall bring out all thy wives and thy children to the Chaldeans: and thou shalt not escape out of their hand, but shalt be taken by the hand of the king of Babylon: and thou shalt cause this city to be burned with fire. thou shalt cause: Heb. thou shalt burn, etc

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>So they shall bring out all thy wives and thy children to the Chaldeans</strong>—God's prophecy specified the capture of Zedekiah's entire family, a detail that proved tragically accurate. His sons were executed before his eyes, and he was blinded (39:6-7). The verb <em>yatsa</em> (יָצָא, "to bring out") ironically echoes verse 17's command that Zedekiah himself "go forth" to surrender. Hi...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(23) **So they shall bring out . . .**—The picture of defeat and destruction is once more repeated from Jeremiah 38:18. Probably, the last clause should be read with a different punctuation of the Hebrew, “This city shall be burnt with fire.” As the text now stands, the marginal rendering, *Thou shalt burn, *gives the true force of the word. The king himself would have that destruction to answer f...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**21. Put ... burnt offerings unto ... sacrifices ... eat flesh--**Add the former (which the law required to be wholly burnt) to the latter (which were burnt only in part), and "eat flesh" even off the holocausts or burnt offerings. As far as I am concerned, saith Jehovah, you may do with one and the other alike. I will have neither (Is 1:11; Ho 8:13; Am 5:21, 22).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 38 Hezekiah's sickness and recovery. (Is. 38:1-8) His thanksgiving. (Is. 38:9-22) **Verses 1-8** When we pray in our sickness, though God send not to us such an answer as he here sent to Hezekiah, yet, if by his Spirit he bids us be of good cheer, assures us that our sins are forgiven, and that, whether we live or die, we shall be his, we do not pray in vain. See II Kin. 20:1-11.

Then said Zedekiah unto Jeremiah, Let no man know of these words, and thou shalt not die.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Let no man know of these words</strong>—After receiving God's explicit command and detailed warning, Zedekiah's first concern was secrecy, not obedience. The verb <em>yada</em> (יָדַע, "to know") emphasizes hiding the truth. This demand for concealment reveals Zedekiah's fundamental problem: he valued his officials' approval over God's will. A righteous king would have publicly proclaimed ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

22. Not contradicting the divine obligation of the legal sacrifices. But, "I did not require sacrifices, unless combined with moral obedience" (Psa 50:8; 51:16, 17). The superior claim of the moral above the positive precepts of the law was marked by the ten commandments having been delivered first, and by the two tables of stone being deposited alone in the ark (De 5:6). The negative in Hebrew of...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 38 Hezekiah's sickness and recovery. (Is. 38:1-8) His thanksgiving. (Is. 38:9-22) **Verses 1-8** When we pray in our sickness, though God send not to us such an answer as he here sent to Hezekiah, yet, if by his Spirit he bids us be of good cheer, assures us that our sins are forgiven, and that, whether we live or die, we shall be his, we do not pray in vain. See II Kin. 20:1-11.

But if the princes hear that I have talked with thee, and they come unto thee, and say unto thee, Declare unto us now what thou hast said unto the king, hide it not from us, and we will not put thee to death; also what the king said unto thee:

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>But if the princes hear that I have talked with thee</strong>—Zedekiah's fear of discovery dominates his thinking. These princes (particularly those who had thrown Jeremiah in the cistern, 38:4-6) opposed any surrender message. Zedekiah's elaborate contingency planning (vv. 25-26) shows he spent more energy managing political optics than considering whether to obey God.<br><br><strong>Decl...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

23. (Ex 15:26; 19:5).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 38 Hezekiah's sickness and recovery. (Is. 38:1-8) His thanksgiving. (Is. 38:9-22) **Verses 1-8** When we pray in our sickness, though God send not to us such an answer as he here sent to Hezekiah, yet, if by his Spirit he bids us be of good cheer, assures us that our sins are forgiven, and that, whether we live or die, we shall be his, we do not pray in vain. See II Kin. 20:1-11.

Then thou shalt say unto them, I presented my supplication before the king, that he would not cause me to return to Jonathan's house, to die there.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>I presented my supplication before the king</strong>—Zedekiah instructed Jeremiah to tell a half-truth: yes, Jeremiah had made a request (supplication, <em>techinnah</em>, תְּחִנָּה), though this was not the meeting's main substance. The verb <em>naphal</em> (נָפַל, "to fall/present") with <em>techinnah</em> describes formal petition protocol.<br><br><strong>That he would not cause me to r...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**24. hearkened not--**They did not give even a partial hearing to Me (Psa 81:11, 12). **imagination--**rather, as Margin, "the stubbornness." **backward, &amp;c.--**(Jr 2:27; 32:33; Ho 4:16).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 38 Hezekiah's sickness and recovery. (Is. 38:1-8) His thanksgiving. (Is. 38:9-22) **Verses 1-8** When we pray in our sickness, though God send not to us such an answer as he here sent to Hezekiah, yet, if by his Spirit he bids us be of good cheer, assures us that our sins are forgiven, and that, whether we live or die, we shall be his, we do not pray in vain. See II Kin. 20:1-11.

Then came all the princes unto Jeremiah, and asked him: and he told them according to all these words that the king had commanded. So they left off speaking with him; for the matter was not perceived. they: Heb. they were silent from him

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then came all the princes unto Jeremiah, and asked him</strong>—The suspicious officials interrogated the prophet, exactly as Zedekiah feared. Their questioning confirms the political danger surrounding any counsel of surrender. <strong>And he told them according to all these words that the king had commanded</strong>—Jeremiah repeated the cover story verbatim. The phrase <em>according to ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**25. rising ... early--**(Jr 7:13).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 38 Hezekiah's sickness and recovery. (Is. 38:1-8) His thanksgiving. (Is. 38:9-22) **Verses 1-8** When we pray in our sickness, though God send not to us such an answer as he here sent to Hezekiah, yet, if by his Spirit he bids us be of good cheer, assures us that our sins are forgiven, and that, whether we live or die, we shall be his, we do not pray in vain. See II Kin. 20:1-11.

So Jeremiah abode in the court of the prison until the day that Jerusalem was taken: and he was there when Jerusalem was taken.

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KJV Study Commentary

Jeremiah remains in the court of the prison until Jerusalem is taken. His faithful testimony continues despite imprisonment. The phrase 'and he was there when Jerusalem was taken' emphasizes his witness to the fulfillment of his prophecies. God's servants often must endure the judgments they predict, but their faithfulness vindicates their message.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**26. hardened ... neck--**(De 31:27; Is 48:4; Ac 7:51). **worse than their fathers--**(Jr 16:12). In Jr 7:22 He had said, "your fathers"; here He says, "their fathers"; the change to the third person marks growing alienation from them. He no longer addresses themselves, as it would be a waste of words in the case of such hardened rebels.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 38 Hezekiah's sickness and recovery. (Is. 38:1-8) His thanksgiving. (Is. 38:9-22) **Verses 1-8** When we pray in our sickness, though God send not to us such an answer as he here sent to Hezekiah, yet, if by his Spirit he bids us be of good cheer, assures us that our sins are forgiven, and that, whether we live or die, we shall be his, we do not pray in vain. See II Kin. 20:1-11.

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