King James Version

What Does Matthew 5:31 Mean?

Matthew 5:31 in the King James Version says “It hath been said , Whosoever shall put away his wife, let him give her a writing of divorcement: — study this verse from Matthew chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

It hath been said , Whosoever shall put away his wife, let him give her a writing of divorcement:

Matthew 5:31 · KJV


Context

29

And if thy right eye offend thee, pluck it out, and cast it from thee: for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not that thy whole body should be cast into hell. offend: or, do cause thee to offend

30

And if thy right hand offend thee, cut it off, and cast it from thee: for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not that thy whole body should be cast into hell.

31

It hath been said , Whosoever shall put away his wife, let him give her a writing of divorcement:

32

But I say unto you, That whosoever shall put away his wife, saving for the cause of fornication, causeth her to commit adultery: and whosoever shall marry her that is divorced committeth adultery.

33

Again, ye have heard that it hath been said by them of old time, Thou shalt not forswear thyself, but shalt perform unto the Lord thine oaths:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Jesus addresses the Law's provision for divorce (Deuteronomy 24:1-4), which Moses allowed because of hard hearts. But divorce was never God's ideal. The 'writing of divorcement' was meant to protect women from being abandoned without legal status, but men abused this provision.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Jewish rabbis debated divorce grounds extensively. Rabbi Hillel's school allowed divorce for nearly any reason ('she burned dinner'), while Rabbi Shammai permitted it only for adultery. Men could divorce easily; women had no such right. Jesus will affirm Shammai's stricter view.

Reflection Questions

  1. How has cultural acceptance of easy divorce affected our view of marriage's permanence?
  2. What does God's original design for marriage teach about His covenant faithfulness?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 12 words
Ἐῤῥέθη1 of 12

It hath been said

G4483

to utter, i.e., speak or say

δέ,2 of 12
G1161

but, and, etc

ὅτι3 of 12
G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

ὃς4 of 12

Whosoever

G3739

the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that

ἂν5 of 12
G302

whatsoever

ἀπολύσῃ6 of 12

shall put away

G630

to free fully, i.e., (literally) relieve, release, dismiss (reflexively, depart), or (figuratively) let die, pardon or (specially) divorce

τὴν7 of 12
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

γυναῖκα8 of 12

wife

G1135

a woman; specially, a wife

αὐτῇ9 of 12

her

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

δότω10 of 12

let him give

G1325

to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or figuratively; greatly modified by the connection)

αὐτῇ11 of 12

her

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἀποστάσιον12 of 12

a writing of divorcement

G647

properly, something separative, i.e., (specially) divorce


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 5:31 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 5:31 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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