King James Version

What Does Mark 10:2 Mean?

Mark 10:2 in the King James Version says “And the Pharisees came to him, and asked him, Is it lawful for a man to put away his wife? tempting him. — study this verse from Mark chapter 10 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And the Pharisees came to him, and asked him, Is it lawful for a man to put away his wife? tempting him.

Mark 10:2 · KJV


Context

1

And he arose from thence, and cometh into the coasts of Judaea by the farther side of Jordan: and the people resort unto him again; and, as he was wont, he taught them again.

2

And the Pharisees came to him, and asked him, Is it lawful for a man to put away his wife? tempting him.

3

And he answered and said unto them, What did Moses command you?

4

And they said, Moses suffered to write a bill of divorcement, and to put her away.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Pharisees came to Jesus 'and asked him, Is it lawful for a man to put away his wife? tempting him' (ἐπηρώτων αὐτὸν εἰ ἔξεστιν ἀνδρὶ γυναῖκα ἀπολῦσαι, πειράζοντες αὐτόν). The verb 'tempting' (peirazontes, πειράζοντες) indicates malicious intent—not genuine inquiry but attempted entrapment. This was a controversial issue in first-century Judaism: the school of Hillel permitted divorce for virtually any cause; the school of Shammai restricted it to sexual immorality. Any answer Jesus gave would alienate one faction. Additionally, John the Baptist was executed for condemning Herod's unlawful marriage (Mark 6:17-18)—Jesus was in Herod's territory (Perea), so strict teaching on marriage could provoke similar persecution. The Pharisees' question was calculated to create political or theological difficulty. Jesus' response transcends the debate by returning to creation ordinance (vv. 6-9).

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Historical & Cultural Context

Deuteronomy 24:1-4 permitted divorce if a man found 'some uncleanness' in his wife, but the phrase's meaning was debated. Rabbi Hillel (died AD 10) interpreted broadly—divorce permitted for trivial causes (burning food, finding a prettier woman). Rabbi Shammai (died AD 30) interpreted strictly—only for sexual immorality. This debate dominated Pharisaic discussion in Jesus' time. The question's political danger stemmed from Herod Antipas' unlawful marriage to Herodias, his brother's wife (Mark 6:17-18)—John's condemnation led to his execution. Jesus was traveling through Herod's jurisdiction, making strict marriage teaching potentially dangerous. Yet Jesus boldly taught God's creation design (vv. 6-9), prioritizing truth over political safety.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the Pharisees' malicious questioning contrast with genuine truth-seeking, and how should we guard against similar manipulation of Scripture for political ends?
  2. What does Jesus' willingness to teach difficult truth despite political danger model about prioritizing God's Word over personal safety?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 13 words
καὶ1 of 13

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

προσελθόντες2 of 13

came to him

G4334

to approach, i.e., (literally) come near, visit, or (figuratively) worship, assent to

οἱ3 of 13
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Φαρισαῖοι4 of 13

the Pharisees

G5330

a separatist, i.e., exclusively religious; a pharisean, i.e., jewish sectary

ἐπηρώτησαν5 of 13

and asked

G1905

to ask for, i.e., inquire, seek

αὐτόν6 of 13

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

εἰ7 of 13

Is it

G1487

if, whether, that, etc

ἔξεστιν8 of 13

lawful

G1832

so also ???? <pronunciation strongs="ex-on'"/> neuter present participle of the same (with or without some form of g1510 expressed); impersonally, it

ἀνδρὶ9 of 13

for a man

G435

a man (properly as an individual male)

γυναῖκα10 of 13

his wife

G1135

a woman; specially, a wife

ἀπολῦσαι11 of 13

to put away

G630

to free fully, i.e., (literally) relieve, release, dismiss (reflexively, depart), or (figuratively) let die, pardon or (specially) divorce

πειράζοντες12 of 13

tempting

G3985

to test (objectively), i.e., endeavor, scrutinize, entice, discipline

αὐτόν13 of 13

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Mark. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Mark 10:2 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Mark 10:2 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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