King James Version

What Does Matthew 22:42 Mean?

Matthew 22:42 in the King James Version says “Saying, What think ye of Christ? whose son is he? They say unto him, The Son of David. — study this verse from Matthew chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Saying, What think ye of Christ? whose son is he? They say unto him, The Son of David.

Matthew 22:42 · KJV


Context

40

On these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets.

41

While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them,

42

Saying, What think ye of Christ? whose son is he? They say unto him, The Son of David.

43

He saith unto them, How then doth David in spirit call him Lord, saying,

44

The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, till I make thine enemies thy footstool ?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Jesus' question 'What think ye of Christ? whose son is he?' tests the Pharisees' messianic understanding. Their answer 'The son of David' (v. 42) was correct but incomplete. Jesus then asks how David could call his descendant 'Lord' (v. 43-44, quoting Psalm 110:1). The dilemma: how can Messiah be both David's son (descendant) and David's Lord (superior)? The answer: Jesus is both human (David's son) and divine (David's Lord)—the God-man.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Psalm 110:1 was recognized as messianic. David, writing by the Spirit, called Messiah 'my Lord'—but ancestors don't call descendants 'Lord.' This paradox reveals Messiah's dual nature—fully human (descended from David) and fully God (David's Lord). The Pharisees couldn't answer (v. 46), showing their inadequate christology.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does recognizing Jesus as both David's son and Lord shape your worship?
  2. Why is Jesus' dual nature (human and divine) essential to salvation?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 14 words
λέγουσιν1 of 14

Saying

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

τίνος2 of 14

What

G5101

an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)

ὑμῖν3 of 14

ye

G5213

to (with or by) you

δοκεῖ4 of 14

think

G1380

compare the base of g1166) of the same meaning; to think; by implication, to seem (truthfully or uncertainly)

περὶ5 of 14

of

G4012

properly, through (all over), i.e., around; figuratively with respect to; used in various applications, of place, cause or time (with the genitive cas

τοῦ6 of 14
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Χριστοῦ7 of 14

Christ

G5547

anointed, i.e., the messiah, an epithet of jesus

τίνος8 of 14

What

G5101

an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)

υἱός9 of 14

son

G5207

a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship

ἐστιν10 of 14

is he

G2076

he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are

λέγουσιν11 of 14

Saying

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

αὐτῷ12 of 14

unto him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Τοῦ13 of 14
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Δαβίδ14 of 14

The Son of David

G1138

david, the israelite king


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 22:42 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 22:42 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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