King James Version

What Does Matthew 21:46 Mean?

Matthew 21:46 in the King James Version says “But when they sought to lay hands on him, they feared the multitude, because they took him for a prophet. — study this verse from Matthew chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But when they sought to lay hands on him, they feared the multitude, because they took him for a prophet.

Matthew 21:46 · KJV


Context

44

And whosoever shall fall on this stone shall be broken: but on whomsoever it shall fall, it will grind him to powder.

45

And when the chief priests and Pharisees had heard his parables, they perceived that he spake of them.

46

But when they sought to lay hands on him, they feared the multitude, because they took him for a prophet.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But when they sought to lay hands on him (καὶ ζητοῦντες αὐτὸν κρατῆσαι)—The verb ζητέω (zēteō, 'to seek, to endeavor') with κρατέω (krateō, 'to seize, to arrest') shows deliberate intent to arrest Jesus. Their response to truth was violence—not refutation but removal of the truth-teller. When people can't answer Christ's arguments, they silence His voice. This murderous intent fulfills the parable they just heard—like the tenants killing the son (21:38-39), they now plot Jesus's murder.

They feared the multitude, because they took him for a prophet (ἐφοβήθησαν τοὺς ὄχλους, ἐπεὶ εἰς προφήτην αὐτὸν εἶχον)—The verb φοβέομαι (phobeomai, 'to fear, to be afraid') shows pragmatic calculation, not moral restraint. They didn't fear God but public opinion. The crowds held (ἔχω) Jesus εἰς προφήτην ('as a prophet'), making arrest politically dangerous. This exposes leadership motivated by crowd-pleasing rather than truth-seeking. Within days, they would manipulate these same crowds to demand crucifixion (27:20-23). Popular opinion is fickle; truth is eternal.

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Historical & Cultural Context

This occurred Tuesday of Passion Week, days before Jesus's arrest. The leaders delayed action until they could arrest Jesus privately (26:3-5), away from crowds who might riot. During festivals (Passover was imminent), Roman authorities watched for disturbances—insurrection brought swift, brutal response. The leaders' restraint was tactical, not righteous. By Thursday night, they arrested Jesus in Gethsemane's isolation (26:47-56), then manipulated Friday's crowd. Political calculation, not truth, guided their actions.

Reflection Questions

  1. When have you compromised truth for fear of others' opinions rather than fearing God?
  2. How does the leaders' murderous response to Jesus's teaching warn against defensiveness when confronted by God's Word?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 12 words
καὶ1 of 12

But

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ζητοῦντες2 of 12

when they sought

G2212

to seek (literally or figuratively); specially, (by hebraism) to worship (god), or (in a bad sense) to plot (against life)

αὐτὸν3 of 12

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

κρατῆσαι4 of 12

to lay hands

G2902

to use strength, i.e., seize or retain (literally or figuratively)

ἐφοβήθησαν5 of 12

they feared

G5399

to frighten, i.e., (passively) to be alarmed; by analogy, to be in awe of, i.e., revere

τοὺς6 of 12
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ὄχλους7 of 12

the multitude

G3793

a throng (as borne along); by implication, the rabble; by extension, a class of people; figuratively, a riot

ἐπειδὴ8 of 12

because

G1894

since now, i.e., (of time) when, or (of cause) whereas

ὡς9 of 12

for

G5613

which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)

προφήτην10 of 12

a prophet

G4396

a foreteller ("prophet"); by analogy, an inspired speaker; by extension, a poet

αὐτὸν11 of 12

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

εἶχον12 of 12

they took

G2192

to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or conditio


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 21:46 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 21:46 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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