King James Version

What Does Mark 3:31 Mean?

Mark 3:31 in the King James Version says “There came then his brethren and his mother, and, standing without, sent unto him, calling him. — study this verse from Mark chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

There came then his brethren and his mother, and, standing without, sent unto him, calling him.

Mark 3:31 · KJV


Context

29

But he that shall blaspheme against the Holy Ghost hath never forgiveness, but is in danger of eternal damnation:

30

Because they said, He hath an unclean spirit.

31

There came then his brethren and his mother, and, standing without, sent unto him, calling him.

32

And the multitude sat about him, and they said unto him, Behold, thy mother and thy brethren without seek for thee.

33

And he answered them, saying, Who is my mother, or my brethren?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Jesus' 'brethren and his mother' come seeking Him. The word 'brethren' (ἀδελφοί) refers to Jesus' half-brothers—Mary's sons born after Jesus. They 'stood without' (outside) sending message, 'calling him'—summoning Him to come out. Their presence interrupts Jesus' teaching. Verse 21 indicates His family thought He was 'beside himself' (mentally unbalanced) and came to restrain Him. This reveals that even His family initially didn't believe (John 7:5), struggling to understand His mission. Their attempted intervention demonstrates how radical discipleship challenges family loyalties.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Jewish culture emphasized family obligation and honor. For Jesus to ignore family summons would be culturally shocking, seen as dishonoring parents and relatives. His half-brothers James, Joses, Judas, and Simon are mentioned in Mark 6:3. Initially skeptical, they later became believers after resurrection—James became Jerusalem church leader and wrote the epistle bearing his name. Mary's presence suggests maternal concern for Jesus' wellbeing given religious opposition and exhausting ministry demands. Extended families lived in close proximity and exercised strong social pressure for conformity.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Jesus' family's skepticism encourage you when loved ones don't understand your faith?
  2. What does this passage teach about prioritizing kingdom demands over family expectations?
  3. How do you respond when family loyalty conflicts with following Christ?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 16 words
ἔρχονται1 of 16

There came

G2064

to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

οῦν2 of 16

then

G3767

(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly

οἱ3 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀδελφοὶ4 of 16

brethren

G80

a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like g0001)

καὶ5 of 16

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

6 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μήτηρ7 of 16

his mother

G3384

a "mother" (literally or figuratively, immediate or remote)

αὐτόν8 of 16

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

καὶ9 of 16

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἔξω10 of 16

without

G1854

out(-side) (of doors), literally or figuratively

ἑστῶτες11 of 16

standing

G2476

to stand (transitively or intransitively), used in various applications (literally or figuratively)

ἀπέστειλαν12 of 16

sent

G649

set apart, i.e., (by implication) to send out (properly, on a mission) literally or figuratively

πρὸς13 of 16

unto

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

αὐτόν14 of 16

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

φωνοῦντες15 of 16

calling

G5455

to emit a sound (animal, human or instrumental); by implication, to address in words or by name, also in imitation

αὐτόν16 of 16

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Mark. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Mark 3:31 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Mark 3:31 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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