King James Version

What Does Mark 14:40 Mean?

Mark 14:40 in the King James Version says “And when he returned, he found them asleep again, (for their eyes were heavy,) neither wist they what to answer him. — study this verse from Mark chapter 14 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And when he returned, he found them asleep again, (for their eyes were heavy,) neither wist they what to answer him.

Mark 14:40 · KJV


Context

38

Watch ye and pray, lest ye enter into temptation. The spirit truly is ready, but the flesh is weak.

39

And again he went away, and prayed, and spake the same words.

40

And when he returned, he found them asleep again, (for their eyes were heavy,) neither wist they what to answer him.

41

And he cometh the third time, and saith unto them, Sleep on now, and take your rest: it is enough, the hour is come; behold, the Son of man is betrayed into the hands of sinners.

42

Rise up, let us go; lo, he that betrayeth me is at hand.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And when he returned, he found them asleep again, (for their eyes were heavy,)—Mark provides the explanatory note βεβαρημένοι (bebarēmenoi, "weighed down, burdened") regarding their eyes. This suggests not mere physical tiredness but spiritual heaviness, possibly supernatural oppression during Satan's hour (Luke 22:53). Neither wist they what to answer him (καὶ οὐκ ᾔδεισαν τί ἀποκριθῶσιν αὐτῷ, kai ouk ēdeisan ti apokrithōsin autō) reveals their shame-induced confusion.

This scene contrasts Jesus' victorious wrestling in prayer with the disciples' prayerless sleep. While Christ agonized toward submission, they drifted toward desertion. Their inability to watch even one hour (v. 37) foreshadows their inability to stand during His arrest. Yet Jesus' gentleness with their weakness—providing the explanatory note about heavy eyes—demonstrates pastoral compassion even in His own extremity.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Jewish watch-keeping practices made staying alert at night a recognized spiritual discipline. The disciples' repeated failure despite Jesus' warnings echoes Israel's repeated failures in the wilderness despite God's warnings. This pattern of human weakness requiring divine strength pervades redemptive history.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does the disciples' physical sleep during Jesus' spiritual warfare teach about the relationship between spiritual alertness and physical discipline?
  2. How does Jesus' compassion toward sleepy disciples inform how you should respond to others' spiritual weaknesses during your own trials?
  3. What practices of watchfulness and prayer might help you avoid spiritual drowsiness during times of testing?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 18 words
καὶ1 of 18

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ὑποστρέψας2 of 18

when he returned

G5290

to turn under (behind), i.e., to return (literally or figuratively)

εὗρεν3 of 18

he found

G2147

to find (literally or figuratively)

αὐτῷ4 of 18

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

πάλιν5 of 18

again

G3825

(adverbially) anew, i.e., (of place) back, (of time) once more, or (conjunctionally) furthermore or on the other hand

καθεύδοντας6 of 18

asleep

G2518

to lie down to rest, i.e., (by implication) to fall asleep (literally or figuratively)

ἦσαν7 of 18

were

G2258

i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)

γὰρ8 of 18

(for

G1063

properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)

οἱ9 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ὀφθαλμοὶ10 of 18

eyes

G3788

the eye (literally or figuratively); by implication, vision; figuratively, envy (from the jealous side-glance)

αὐτῷ11 of 18

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

βεβαρήμενοι,12 of 18

heavy

G916

to weigh down (figuratively)

καὶ13 of 18

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

οὐκ14 of 18
G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

ᾔδεισαν15 of 18

wist they

G1492

used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl

τί16 of 18

what

G5101

an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)

αὐτῷ17 of 18

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἀποκριθῶσιν18 of 18

to answer

G611

to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Mark. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Mark 14:40 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Mark 14:40 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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