King James Version

What Does John 11:50 Mean?

John 11:50 in the King James Version says “Nor consider that it is expedient for us, that one man should die for the people, and that the whole nation perish not. — study this verse from John chapter 11 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Nor consider that it is expedient for us, that one man should die for the people, and that the whole nation perish not.

John 11:50 · KJV


Context

48

If we let him thus alone, all men will believe on him: and the Romans shall come and take away both our place and nation.

49

And one of them, named Caiaphas, being the high priest that same year, said unto them, Ye know nothing at all ,

50

Nor consider that it is expedient for us, that one man should die for the people, and that the whole nation perish not.

51

And this spake he not of himself: but being high priest that year, he prophesied that Jesus should die for that nation;

52

And not for that nation only, but that also he should gather together in one the children of God that were scattered abroad.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Caiaphas articulates expedient politics: one man's death saves the nation. His calculation is coldly pragmatic—better Jesus die than risk Roman retaliation. He speaks 'not of himself' but prophetically (v. 51), unknowingly declaring substitutionary atonement's core truth: one dies for many. His evil intent can't prevent his words from carrying divine truth. This demonstrates the doctrine of verbal inspiration—God can communicate truth even through unwilling or unknowing agents. The statement foreshadows the cross's purpose.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Political expediency often guided Sanhedrin decisions under Roman occupation. Caiaphas' cynical calculation reflects realpolitik common in vassal states. Ironically, his formula matches Isaiah 53's suffering servant prophecy.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Caiaphas' evil intent not negate the truth of his prophetic words?
  2. What does this teach about God's ability to speak truth through any source?
  3. In what ways does this statement reveal the heart of substitutionary atonement?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 18 words
οὐδὲ1 of 18

Nor

G3761

not however, i.e., neither, nor, not even

διαλογίζεσθε2 of 18

consider

G1260

to reckon thoroughly, i.e., (genitive case) to deliberate (by reflection or discussion)

ὅτι3 of 18

that

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

συμφέρει4 of 18

it is expedient

G4851

to bear together (contribute), i.e., (literally) to collect, or (figuratively) to conduce; especially (neuter participle as a noun) advantage

ἡμῖν5 of 18

for us

G2254

to (or for, with, by) us

ἵνα6 of 18

that

G2443

in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)

εἷς7 of 18

one

G1520

one

ἄνθρωπος8 of 18

man

G444

man-faced, i.e., a human being

ἀποθάνῃ9 of 18

should die

G599

to die off (literally or figuratively)

ὑπὲρ10 of 18

for

G5228

"over", i.e., (with the genitive case) of place, above, beyond, across, or causal, for the sake of, instead, regarding; with the accusative case super

τοῦ11 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

λαοῦ12 of 18

the people

G2992

a people (in general; thus differing from g1218, which denotes one's own populace)

καὶ13 of 18

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

μὴ14 of 18

not

G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

ὅλον15 of 18

that the whole

G3650

"whole" or "all", i.e., complete (in extent, amount, time or degree), especially (neuter) as noun or adverb

τὸ16 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἔθνος17 of 18

nation

G1484

a race (as of the same habit), i.e., a tribe; specially, a foreign (non-jewish) one (usually, by implication, pagan)

ἀπόληται18 of 18

perish

G622

to destroy fully (reflexively, to perish, or lose), literally or figuratively


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of John. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

John 11:50 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to John 11:50 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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