King James Version

What Does Job 24:21 Mean?

Job 24:21 in the King James Version says “He evil entreateth the barren that beareth not: and doeth not good to the widow. — study this verse from Job chapter 24 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

He evil entreateth the barren that beareth not: and doeth not good to the widow.

Job 24:21 · KJV


Context

19

Drought and heat consume the snow waters: so doth the grave those which have sinned. consume: Heb. violently take

20

The womb shall forget him; the worm shall feed sweetly on him; he shall be no more remembered; and wickedness shall be broken as a tree.

21

He evil entreateth the barren that beareth not: and doeth not good to the widow.

22

He draweth also the mighty with his power: he riseth up, and no man is sure of life. no: or, he trusteth not his own life

23

Though it be given him to be in safety, whereon he resteth; yet his eyes are upon their ways.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
He evil entreateth the barren that beareth not—Job catalogs the wicked's cruelty toward society's vulnerable. "Evil entreateth" (ra'ah, רָעָה) means to treat badly, abuse, or oppress. The "barren" (aqarah, עֲקָרָה) suffered profound shame in ancient Near Eastern culture where childlessness marked divine disfavor (see Hannah, 1 Samuel 1:6-7; Elizabeth, Luke 1:25). Exploiting the childless woman's vulnerability—she lacked sons to defend her or provide in old age—exemplified covenant-breaking cruelty.

And doeth not good to the widow—The widow (almanah, אַלְמָנָה) represents Scripture's paradigmatic vulnerable person alongside orphans and foreigners. Mosaic Law mandated widow protection (Exodus 22:22-24, Deuteronomy 24:17-21), but Job observes such laws violated with impunity. God identifies as "judge of... the widows" (Psalm 68:5), yet Job questions why divine judgment delays. Jesus later condemned religious leaders who "devour widows' houses" (Mark 12:40), showing this oppression persisted.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Childless women and widows lacked male protection in patriarchal society, making them targets for economic exploitation—land seizures, unfair wages, denial of inheritance rights. Ancient Near Eastern law codes (including Mosaic Law) protected these classes precisely because they were so vulnerable to abuse.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's fierce protection of widows, orphans, and the vulnerable challenge contemporary Christian engagement with social justice?
  2. In what ways might we 'evil entreat the barren' today—exploiting those whose suffering already isolates them?
  3. How does James 1:27 ('Pure religion... is to visit the fatherless and widows in their affliction') apply Job's concerns to Christian practice?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
רֹעֶ֣ה1 of 7

He evil entreateth

H7462

to tend a flock; i.e., pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a frie

עֲ֭קָרָה2 of 7

the barren

H6135

sterile (as if extirpated in the generative organs)

לֹ֣א3 of 7
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תֵלֵ֑ד4 of 7

that beareth

H3205

to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage

וְ֝אַלְמָנָ֗ה5 of 7

to the widow

H490

a widow; also a desolate place

לֹ֣א6 of 7
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יְיֵטִֽיב׃7 of 7

not and doeth not good

H3190

to be (causative) make well, literally (sound, beautiful) or figuratively (happy, successful, right)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 24:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 24:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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