King James Version

What Does Job 22:9 Mean?

Job 22:9 in the King James Version says “Thou hast sent widows away empty, and the arms of the fatherless have been broken. — study this verse from Job chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Thou hast sent widows away empty, and the arms of the fatherless have been broken.

Job 22:9 · KJV


Context

7

Thou hast not given water to the weary to drink, and thou hast withholden bread from the hungry.

8

But as for the mighty man, he had the earth; and the honourable man dwelt in it. mighty: Heb. man of arm honourable: Heb. eminent, or, accepted for countenance

9

Thou hast sent widows away empty, and the arms of the fatherless have been broken.

10

Therefore snares are round about thee, and sudden fear troubleth thee;

11

Or darkness, that thou canst not see; and abundance of waters cover thee.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Thou hast sent widows away empty (אַלְמָנוֹת שִׁלַּחְתָּ רֵיקָם)—Eliphaz makes his most serious false accusation yet, charging Job with violating the Torah's clear commands to protect widows (Exodus 22:22-24, Deuteronomy 24:17). The Hebrew reyqam (empty) means sending away without provision or justice.

The arms of the fatherless have been broken (וּזְרֹעוֹת יְתֹמִים יְדֻכָּא)—Zeroa'ot (arms) represents strength and ability to work. Eliphaz accuses Job of crushing orphans' capacity to survive—the exact opposite of Job's actual character (Job 29:12-13, 31:16-22). This illustrates how the retribution theology framework drove Job's friends to invent sins to match his suffering, becoming false witnesses against the righteous.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern law codes (Hammurabi, Hittite, Mosaic) all emphasized protecting widows and orphans—society's most vulnerable. Breaking an orphan's arms would be destroying their only means of self-support in an agricultural economy without social safety nets.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Eliphaz's false accusation warn against assuming someone's suffering proves their guilt?
  2. What does this passage reveal about the danger of starting with theological conclusions and working backward to 'evidence'?
  3. How might we inadvertently become false witnesses against suffering people by assuming their trials indicate hidden sin?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
אַ֭לְמָנוֹת1 of 6

widows

H490

a widow; also a desolate place

שִׁלַּ֣חְתָּ2 of 6

Thou hast sent

H7971

to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

רֵיקָ֑ם3 of 6

away empty

H7387

emptily; figuratively (objective) ineffectually, (subjective) undeservedly

וּזְרֹע֖וֹת4 of 6

and the arms

H2220

the arm (as stretched out), or (of animals) the foreleg; figuratively, force

יְתֹמִ֣ים5 of 6

of the fatherless

H3490

a bereaved person

יְדֻכָּֽא׃6 of 6

have been broken

H1792

to crumble; transitively, to bruise (literally or figuratively)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 22:9 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 22:9 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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