King James Version

What Does Job 21:7 Mean?

Job 21:7 in the King James Version says “Wherefore do the wicked live, become old, yea, are mighty in power? — study this verse from Job chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Wherefore do the wicked live, become old, yea, are mighty in power?

Job 21:7 · KJV


Context

5

Mark me, and be astonished, and lay your hand upon your mouth. Mark: Heb. Look unto me

6

Even when I remember I am afraid, and trembling taketh hold on my flesh.

7

Wherefore do the wicked live, become old, yea, are mighty in power?

8

Their seed is established in their sight with them, and their offspring before their eyes.

9

Their houses are safe from fear, neither is the rod of God upon them. safe: Heb. peace from


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Job challenges conventional wisdom: 'Wherefore do the wicked live, become old, yea, are mighty in power?' This question dismantles retribution theology. The verb chayah (חָיָה, live) emphasizes ongoing life. Ataq (עָתַק, become old) means to advance in years, and gabar (גָּבַר, mighty) means to be strong or prevail. Job observes empirical reality: the wicked often prosper, live long, and exercise power. This contradicts his friends' insistence that the wicked always suffer. Job's empirical observation prepares for the book's resolution: divine justice operates on timescales and principles beyond simple earthly retribution.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient wisdom literature generally taught that the wicked suffer and perish quickly. However, Psalms 37 and 73 also grapple with the prosperity of the wicked, and Ecclesiastes notes that righteousness doesn't guarantee earthly prosperity. Job's observation challenges oversimplified theology with reality, demonstrating that faith must account for empirical evidence rather than deny it.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Job's honest observation about the prosperity of the wicked challenge simplistic theology?
  2. What does the gap between divine justice and earthly outcomes teach about God's timeline versus ours?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
מַדּ֣וּעַ1 of 7
H4069

what (is) known?; i.e., (by implication) (adverbially) why?

רְשָׁעִ֣ים2 of 7

Wherefore do the wicked

H7563

morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person

יִחְי֑וּ3 of 7

live

H2421

to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive

עָ֝תְק֗וּ4 of 7

become old

H6275

to remove (intransitive or transitive) figuratively, to grow old; specifically, to transcribe

גַּם5 of 7
H1571

properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and

גָּ֥בְרוּ6 of 7

yea are mighty

H1396

to be strong; by implication, to prevail, act insolently

חָֽיִל׃7 of 7

in power

H2428

probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 21:7 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 21:7 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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