King James Version

What Does Hosea 11:5 Mean?

Hosea 11:5 in the King James Version says “He shall not return into the land of Egypt, but the Assyrian shall be his king, because they refused to return. — study this verse from Hosea chapter 11 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

He shall not return into the land of Egypt, but the Assyrian shall be his king, because they refused to return.

Hosea 11:5 · KJV


Context

3

I taught Ephraim also to go, taking them by their arms; but they knew not that I healed them.

4

I drew them with cords of a man, with bands of love: and I was to them as they that take off the yoke on their jaws, and I laid meat unto them. take off: Heb. lift up

5

He shall not return into the land of Egypt, but the Assyrian shall be his king, because they refused to return.

6

And the sword shall abide on his cities, and shall consume his branches, and devour them, because of their own counsels.

7

And my people are bent to backsliding from me: though they called them to the most High, none at all would exalt him. none: Heb. together they exalted not


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Not returning to Egypt, going to Assyria: 'He shall not return into the land of Egypt, but the Assyrian shall be his king, because they refused to return.' Seemingly contradictory to 8:13, 9:3 threatening Egypt-return. Perhaps: not literal Egypt but Assyria will be new taskmaster. Or: they won't return to Egypt (which they're seeking alliance with) but to Assyria (where they'll be exiled). The cause: מֵאֲנוּ לָשׁוּב (me'anu lashuv, they refused to return/repent). This demonstrates that refusing to return to God results in forced return to bondage. Only through Christ do we escape bondage permanently (Galatians 5:1).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Israel's final king Hoshea sought Egyptian alliance while Assyrian vassal (2 Kings 17:4), hoping to avoid Assyrian control. The prophecy indicates this strategy would fail: rather than Egyptian help, Assyrian conquest. 'Assyrian shall be his king' fulfilled literally: Israel became Assyrian province, people deported throughout Assyrian empire. The phrasing emphasizes irony: seeking Egypt's help, they get Assyria's domination. The theological point: refusing to 'return' (repent) to YHWH results in forced 'return' to bondage. Deuteronomy threatened this reversal (Deuteronomy 28:68). Archaeological evidence confirms Assyrian control of northern Israel 732-722 BC.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does refusing to 'return' to God in repentance result in forced 'return' to bondage?
  2. What does failure of political alliances (Egypt) teach about trusting human solutions rather than divine deliverance?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
לֹ֤א1 of 11
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

לָשֽׁוּב׃2 of 11

He shall not return

H7725

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);

אֶל3 of 11
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

אֶ֣רֶץ4 of 11

into the land

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

מִצְרַ֔יִם5 of 11

of Egypt

H4714

mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt

וְאַשּׁ֖וּר6 of 11

but the Assyrian

H804

ashshur, the second son of shem; also his descendants and the country occupied by them (i.e., assyria), its region and its empire

ה֣וּא7 of 11
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

מַלְכּ֑וֹ8 of 11

shall be his king

H4428

a king

כִּ֥י9 of 11
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

מֵאֲנ֖וּ10 of 11

because they refused

H3985

to refuse

לָשֽׁוּב׃11 of 11

He shall not return

H7725

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Hosea. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Hosea 11:5 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Hosea 11:5 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study